Past Participles as Adjectives

Past Participle in Spanish Many adjectives in Spanish are actually PAST PARTICIPLES of verbs. To form the past participle of a verb in Spanish, you add -ado to the stem of -ar verbs and -ido to the stem of most -er/-ir verbs. decorar conocer preferir decorado conocido preferido

How the past participle is formed For -ar verbs: Start with the infinitive . . . remove the verb ending . . . and add ado. cerr ado ar For -er and -ir verbs: Start with the infinitive . . . remove the verb ending . . . and add ido. vend er ido recib ido ir

How the past participle is formed 4/26/2017 How the past participle is formed The past participle is used in Spanish and English as an adjective or as part of the perfect tenses. In English, it is usually the -ed or -en form of the verb. tomar comer vivir tomado (taken) comido (eaten) vivido (lived) An accent mark is used when a past participle has the combination of vowels ai, ei, or oi. creer creído believed oír oído heard leer leído read traer traído brought

Past Participles as Adjectives Some verbs have irregular past participles. Memorize this acronym: REVV MAC PHDD

Romper Escribir Ver Volver Morir Abrir Cubrir Poner Hacer Decir R roto E escrito V visto V vuelto M muerto A abierto C cubierto P puesto H hecho D dicho D devuelto Romper Escribir Ver Volver Morir Abrir Cubrir Poner Hacer Decir Devolver

Practicamos. Cumple los espacios con el participio pasado correcto. 1. La mesa está ________ (cubrir) de papeles en la pintura. 2. Mi paleta para la pinta está _____(romper). 3. En las meninas hay una puerta que está ______ (abrir).

Past Participle in Spanish Remember you have just formed the “Past Participle”. Nothing else! Por ejemplo: Colorar = colorado = colored It’s an adjective. Not a sentence!

So what do you think we are going to do to make our “Past Participles” into sentences? Use “Estar”! The article is published. Spanish: El artículo está publicado.

Estar + Past Participle The past participle is frequently used with estar to describe CONDITIONS that are the result of a previous action. In those cases, the past participle agrees with the subject in gender and number. El pintor está sentado. Las paredes estaban pintadas.

Estar + Past Participle We can put “Estar” in any verb tense depending on when the condidition occurred. La fiesta está decorada. The party is decorated. La fiesta estaba decorada. The party was decorted.

Past Participles as Adjectives When the past participle is used as an adjective, be sure the ending agrees in number and gender with the noun it describes. El horno está arreglado. The oven is fixed (repaired). Las tapas están pedidas. The appetizers are ordered.