The Middle Colonies Chapter 4 Section 2

New Netherland Becomes New York New Netherland (NY) was set up by Dutch colonists along the Hudson River. At the beginning who did they trade with and for what? Before the colony was named New Netherland it was named New Amsterdam.

New Netherland Becomes New York To encourage farming the Dutch gave large pieces of land to a few rich families. How long could one parcel of land be? One of these estates was as large as what? What were the owners called? In exchange for the land the patroons promised to to settle at least 50 European families on the land in order to farm.

New Netherland Becomes New York Did the families want to work for the patroons? What could the patroons do? Most settlers lived in the trading center of New Amsterdam. Why did they come to New Amsterdam?

New Netherland Becomes New York African slaves made up more than a quarter of the population of the town. Dutch settlers were mainly Protestants. Did they allow other settlers from different religions to buy land? In 1664, the rivalry between England and the Netherlands for trade and colonies was at its climax. August 1664, English warships enter New Amsterdam’s harbor.

New Netherland Becomes New York The governor of New Netherland Peter Stuyvesant swore to defend his colony. But what did he have little of? What else was Peter Stuyvesant’s problem?

New Netherland Becomes New York Stuyvesant was a harsh governor and he had heavy taxes. This caused him to have little support from the settlers. At the end he surrendered without firing a shot. King Charles II of England gave New Netherland to his brother the Duke of York and he renamed the colony New York.

New Jersey Separates From New York When the English took over New Amsterdam, New York spread as far south to? What did the Duke of York think? What did the Duke of York do?

New Jersey Separates From New York Lord Berkeley and Sir George Carteret set up proprietary colonies which they called NEW JERSEY :D! in 1664. Define proprietary colony. What were the proprietor free to do?

New Jersey Separates From New York Like New York, New Jersey was fertile and wealth which attracted many settlers from where? In 1702, New Jersey became a royal colony which meant what? What did the did the colony’s charter protect?

The Founding of Pennsylvania Who founded Pennsylvania and when? Penn came from a wealth British family and he was very close friends with King Charles II. What did Penn do that shocked his family and friends?

The Founding of Pennsylvania Quakers were Protestant reformers. Their reforms went further than those of other groups. They believed that all people were equal in God’s eyes. What did they allow? What did they speak out against? What did most English people think of them?

The Founding of Pennsylvania Quakers were arrested, fined, and hung for their ideas. Because of this Penn knew that the Quakers had to leave New England. Being a good friend of King Charles II he turned to him for help. King Charles II granted Penn a royal charter naming Penn the proprietor of a large piece of land. What did the king name this new colony?

The Founding of Pennsylvania What did Penn think of his colony? He wanted it to be the model of religious freedom, peace, and Christian living. Who came to Pennsylvania? Penn’s beliefs lead him to speak out for fair treatment of Indians. Penn believed that the land in North America belonged to the Indians. What did he insist? What happened as a result?

The Founding of Pennsylvania Penn sent out pamphlets describing his colony over Europe. Settlers soon came from where? Who were among the new settlers and what did they become know as? African slaves made up 1/3rd of all new arrivals between 1730 & 1750. Most stayed in the capital working as labors.

The Founding of Pennsylvania What did Penn call the capital? What does it mean? The lower lands along the Delaware River were known as what? What did the settlers in this area not want to do? In 1701, Penn allowed them to elect their own assembly and later in 1704 this area broke away to form the colony of Delaware.

Life in the Middle Colonies What did most people make a living from? Which did the settlers like better New England Colonies or the Middle Colonies? Why? What did they grow? What were these crops called? The Middle Colonies exported so much that they became known as what? What did the farmers raise?

Life in the Middle Colonies They sent tons of_________ to ports of New York and Philadelphia. The goods went to New England, the South, West Indies, England and other parts of Europe. Some farmers had slaves but most had farmhands who worked along side the farmer and his family.

Life in the Middle Colonies In the Middle Colonies there were also skilled artisans. What did Pennsylvania become the center of? What were some of the items crafted there? The Delaware Colony profited from rich deposits of iron ore. What did they use it for?

Life in the Middle Colonies Why were towns not that important? What became the centers of local government? Describe how the homes in the Middle Colonies were different? Houses were self-sufficient. They had everything that was necessary to survive.

Life in the Middle Colonies In the 1700’s thousands of German and Scotch-Irish settlers came to Philadelphia. Where did they go? Was this area easier to farm or more difficult than that of Philadelphia? They learned how to use knots from pine trees as candles to light their homes. They made wooden dishes, gathered honey from hollow trees, and hunted wild animals.

Life in the Middle Colonies German gunsmiths created light weight rifles for hunting. What was it called? Many of these settlers settled on Indian lands. More often than not these settlers fought with the Indians (Remember Penn had made Pennsylvania a peaceful colony).