Do Now: Based on the notes from last week, what is the difference between temperature and heat?

Temperature is a measure of the kinetic energy of the molecules in the substance. Heat is the transfer of this energy from one object (hot) to another object (cold). Explain the different heat transfer in this picture. Answer:

I.Types of Heat Transfer: Conduction: the transfer of heat by molecular activity. (molecules touching molecules) Why are solids better conductors of energy than a gas?

Convection: the transfer of heat by mass movement or circulation within a substance. (difference in density) - Energy is transferred in the troposphere by convective currents. Hot air rises Cold air sinks

Radiation: the transfer of heat through the vacuum of space, like the sun. (no molecules needed) Laws Governing Radiation All objects, at any temperature, emit radiant energy Hotter objects radiate more total energy Hotter objects produce the shorter wavelengths of energy Objects that are good absorbers of radiation are good emitters as well (dark and rough surfaces)

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II. Electromagnetic Spectrum (energy): The sun emits visible light, infrared radiation (I.R.) and ultraviolet radiation (U.V.) Visible light or white light, is the only portion we can see. White light can be divided into the colors of the rainbow by using a prism (ROYGBIV).

III. Mechanisms of Energy Transfer Ground Reflection: energy bounces off a particle. Scattering: energy bounces off a particle in many directions and looses energy.

Ground Transmitting: energy passes through an object. Absorption: energy is held onto an object. *H absorbs heat *Ozone - absorbs U.V.