Urban sanitation markets: scale and resilience organised by BOND’s UKWN and Overseas Development Institute 4th December 2015 Market-based Programming to Support Sustainable Sanitation Service Delivery after Typhoon Haiyan Experiences from Eastern Samar Philippines Jonathan Parkinson - Senior WaSH Programme Development Specialist, Oxfam GB Esther Shaylor - Sanitation Marketing Specialist, Philippines, Oxfam GB

Typhoon Haiyan (Yolanda) - Nov 2013 Typhoon Hagupit approaching Samar, Philippines on December 6 Typhoon Haiyan affected more than 10 million people and displaced hundreds of thousands of people Tacloban was the worst hit city Significant damage to sanitation infrastructure, particularly at the household level, Thousands of households were left without toilet facilities. Sanitation infrastructure that remained overwhelmed by increased use Major impacts on human health and dignity Followed by Typhoon Hagupit (Ruby) December 2014

Traditional humanitarian response Water supply Provision of bladder tanks and trucking water to relocation sites Distribution of water ‘kits’ Sanitation Construction of emergency toilets in relocation sites Sanitation rehabilitation Septage /fecal sludge management Hygiene Provision of hygiene kits Hygiene promotion campaigns

NON-MARKET BASED (IN-KIND) EMERGENCY RESPONSES So, what’s the problem ? ......... Exacerbate dependencies on external assistance. Presents challenges for “exit strategy” and longer term sustainable solutions. Weakens government agency involvement Undermines market rehabilitation and economic recovery

PhATS - Philippine Approach to Total Sanitation Transitionsing from emergency response to early recovery and development PhATS - Philippine Approach to Total Sanitation National strategy for promoting universal access to improved sanitation and hygiene behaviour focusing on ending open defecation and phased approach to sanitation development

Climbing up the Sanitation Ladder…

Development of WASH related products for a market based approach Assessment of local manufacture processes Using market assessment to look at material cost/availability Development of design range of toilets for different markets Training of masons in construction techniques Develop an approach to support and encourage female masons for sanitation service delivery

Prices are blank to allow masons to factor in transport costs to the particular HH as for Islands an upland areas transport can be costly. Most of the upland areas can only be accessed by foot, motorbike or water buffalo drawn carts.

Support to sanitation suppliers/traders and service providers WhAM - Integrated market-based programming Support to beneficiaries to enable them to procure WASH goods and services Support to sanitation suppliers/traders and service providers Market strengthening actions to increase commerical opportunities for market actors

Move from sanitation marketing to WASH and Markets (WhAM) Sanitation enterprise development Understanding the market (market mapping and assessment) Develop viable business models Business planning and pilot business models Provide organisational support from larger companies Enabiling environment Legitimisation of small-scale (informal) sanitation service providers Monitoring of sanitation markets Strengthen market regulatory framework Market development in partnership with Chamber of Commerce

Enabling the poor to access sanitation Micro-finance Partnerships with Micro Finance Institutions MFI loans cover construction costs with interest of 2.5% per month Loan repayments in small weekly installments Vouchers for the poorest UNICEF-Oxfam low cost toilet subsidy materials, toilet bowl, slab, etc redeemed her voucher by placing her order with Oxfam’s MFI partner construction by trained & accredited local masons

Current perspectives Challenges Additional financing facilities : coops, savings groups etc. Social franchising Tapping into municipal funds to support capital investments Septage management for sustainable O&M Challenges Helping finance organisations see WASH related products as profitable Organisational attitudes and skillset to working with the private sector / MFIs Getting government to play a regulatory/supporting role Co-ordination and mainstreaming of approaches There is a required mindset change to approach the programme as an incentivised (profit based) intervention from staff and supporting partners Oxfam needs to have the right support mechanisms to facilitate partnerships with the private sector especially the financial sector

Strengthening the development – humanitarian response continuum Emergency response Rehabilitation Shock Market analysis and programming Preparedness Building resilience

Benefits of market-based approach BENEFITS TO AFFECTED COMMUNITIES Efficiency of delivery (from humanitarian agency perspective) Livelihood benefits CommercIal benefits for businesses BENEFITS TO MARKET ACTORS Effectiveness of delivery from beneficiary perspective (including choice / preferences and dignity Benefits to the economy during post-disaster rehabiliation and reconstruction MULTIPLIER EFFECT

Thanks to the team !!!

For more information : Esther Shaylor Jonathan Parkinson Sanitation Marketing Specialist, Philippines Email: eshaylor@oxfam.org.uk | Skype: eshaylor Jonathan Parkinson Senior WaSH Programme Development Specialist email: jparkinson1@oxfam.org.uk | skype: jonathan_oxfamgb