Project Management Risk and Quality

Quality – Initial Thoughts Identify a quality product you own or would like. Why do you associate this product with quality? How was the quality of the product checked and when?

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Project Quality Management Creating and following policies and procedures in order to ensure that a project meets the defined needs it was intended to meet. Recall Quality Theme to define and implement the means by which the project will create and verify products that are fit for purpose: Satisfying stated stakeholder needs Conforming to necessary standards

Quality Management Processes Quality Planning – define the quality criteria for each product of the project, the quality methods and the quality responsibilities of those involved. Quality Control – operational techniques, monitoring project results/products to determine if they comply with quality requirements/acceptance criteria. Quality Assurance – evaluating overall project performance on a regular basis to provide confidence that project will meet quality requirements.

Project Quality Plan Customers’ Quality Expectations Acceptance Criteria Quality Responsibilities Applicable Standards Quality Control & Audit Processes: Quality Tools Change Management/Configuration Management

Project Acceptance/Quality Criteria A list of measurable definitions of the attributes required for products to be acceptable to the ….? Example Quality Criteria? Prioritised – eg MoSCoW Technique

Project Acceptance/Quality Criteria A list of measurable definitions of the attributes required for products to be acceptable to the stakeholder(s). Example Quality Criteria Major functions Development costs Reliability Security Accuracy Performance Ease of use Appearance Prioritised – eg MoSCoW Technique

Quality Control Tools Appraisal Methods/Checks Statistical Methods Reviews Inspections Tests/Performance Tests Audit Statistical Methods Tally Sheet (eg number of errors) Pareto Chart Scatter Diagram Fishbone Diagram (Cause and Effect) Control Charts – With Upper and Lower Allowable Limits Quality Standards ISO9000, PRINCE2, PMI, H&S, Company Standards

Quality Register A log of the quality events planned and undertaken, e.g. reviews, inspections, testing, and audits. As the project progresses and records of quality activities are received, the Quality Register is updated to reflect the actual results from the quality activities Quality Activity Id Product ID Product Quality Method Producer Reviewer Approver Target Review Date Actual Review Date Result Target Approval Date Actual Approval Date 1 Web Page Inspection … Project Board Fail 2 Performance Test Pass 3 Audit Report 4… 9

Risk – Initial Thoughts Think of a risk to your project. How serious a risk is it? What determines the severity of a risk?

Risk Management Projects are enablers of change and change introduces uncertainty, hence risk. A risk is an event that, should it occur, will have an effect on the achievement of the project objectives. We need to assess the probability of a perceived threat or opportunity occurring, and the magnitude of its impact on the project Risk Management is a continual activity, performed throughout the life of the project, it is the proactive identification, assessment and control of risks that might affect the delivery of the project objectives.

Risk Management Cont. Identify the Risks – How? Assess – how serious? Plan Responses – Assign Risk Owner, Cost approved, Mitigate Monitor and Control Update Risk Register regularly Close risks which have disappeared Escalate serious risks

Capture in a Risk Register Risk Management Cont. Identify the Risks – How? Info from previous projects – Lessons learnt Experience Brainstorming Organisation’s environment External Factors/Organisations/Relationships Assess – how serious? Plan Responses – Assign Risk Owner, Cost approved, Mitigate Monitor and Control Update Risk Register regularly Close risks which have disappeared Escalate serious risks Capture in a Risk Register

Risk Assessment Probability - High - very likely that this risk will happen in the current circumstances - Medium - the risk is likely to happen - Low - It is very unlikely that this risk will happen Impact - High - If it does happen it will prevent the successful delivery of the project - Medium - If it happens the project delivery will be adversely affected but the project will still deliver - Low - Should it occur the risk will not prevent the project from delivering

Risk Assessment Cont. Match up! Which risks to largely ignored? High impact AND High probability Match up! High impact OR High probability Which risks to largely ignored? Which risks to act on? Which risks to monitor closely? Which risks to keep under review? Low impact AND Low probability Medium impact AND/OR Medium probability

Risk Probability/Impact Map Highly Significant 5 H KEY Major 4   Moderate 3 M High Risk - control action must be a priority Minor 2 L Medium Risk - control action to be taken as a matter of routine Insignificant 1 Low risk - No control action required, but will need to be monitored Rare Unlikely Possible Probable Almost Certain PROBABILITY

Risk Mitigation Prevention – Take preventative action to avoid risk eg alternative action Reduction – Reduce the risk, eg by adding resources/manpower Acceptance – Accept risk eg if low probability Contingency – Back up plan for if risk occurs Transfer – eg subcontract work and risk

Action / Countermeasure Status / Review Comments Risk Register RISK LOG Project: Status / Version:   Author: Date: Distribution: Ref. Date Raised Risk Description Probability (P) Impact (I) Risk Rating Managed Response Action / Countermeasure Responsibility Review Date Status / Review Comments 1 01/07/13 Risk 1 Low 01/09/2013 2 Risk 2 02/09/2013 3 Risk 3 High 03/09/2013 4 Risk 4 04/09/2013 5 Risk 5 05/09/2013 6 Risk 6 06/09/2013 7 Risk 7 07/09/2013 8 Risk 8 08/09/2013 9 Risk 9 Medium 09/09/2013 10 Risk 10 10/09/2013