1. 8.1 Plan Quality Management
The process of identifying quality requirements and/or standards for the project and its deliverables and documenting how the project will demonstrate compliance with quality requirements.
Includes the detailed definition and documentation of the quality assurance and quality control activities, processes and tools, as well as detailed quality requirements and quality standards.
The quality planning process (8.1) happens concurrently with the project management planning process (4.2)
Quality is often sacrificed when pressure is applied to reduce costs or timeframes
Occurs during Planning
Execution
Initiation
Planning
Close
Monitor
Control
Adapted from PMBOK 5th Edition

2. 8.1 Plan Quality Management
Inputs to Plan Quality Management
Project Management Plan
Scope Baseline - Scope Statement and WBS
Cost baseline
Schedule baseline
Stakeholder register
Risk Register
Requirements Documentation
Enterprise Environmental Factors:
Government regulations
Standards – internal and external
Organisational Process Assets
Quality policies and procedures
Lessons learned from previous projects
Adapted from PMBOK 5th Edition

3. 8.1 Plan Quality Management
Pareto
Diagram
Tools and techniques to Plan Quality Management
Cost
Benefit
Analysis
Design of
Experiments
Cause and
Effect Diagram
Histogram
Meetings
Flowcharts
Cost of
Quality
Statistical
Sampling
Scatter
Diagram
Checksheets
Control
Charts
Additional
Benchmarking
Adapted from PMBOK 5th Edition

4. Quality Tools and Techniques
Cost of Quality –
Totals all costs incurred in quality assurance and quality control activities over the life of the project, product or deliverable. Includes cost of rework and defect rectification.
Cost of Conformance
Cost of Non Conformance
Prevention Costs
Training
Documented processes
Equipment
Time to do it right
Appraisal Costs
Testing
Destructive testing losses
Inspections
Internal Failure Costs
Rework
Scrap or waste
External Failure Costs
Liabilities
Repairs under warranty
Lost business

5. Quality Tools and Techniques
Benchmarking –
generates ideas for quality improvements by comparing specific project practices or product characteristics to those of other projects or products within or outside the performing organisation, relates to lesson learnt
Cost Benefit Analysis –
Primary benefits of meeting quality requirements are less rework, higher productivity, lower costs and increased stakeholder satisfaction. Compares the cost of the quality activity with the benefits.
Flowcharting and Process Analysis–
Graphical representation of a process that helps to identify potential quality problems. Examination of process efficiency and failures
Step 1
Step 2
Step 3

6. Quality Tools and Techniques
Inspection –
Examination of a deliverable or product to determine if it meets the documented quality standards and requirements
Cause and Effect Diagrams –
Ishikawa or fishbone diagrams. Illustrate the linkages between quality problems and their potential causes
Failure Mode Effects Analysis –
More comprehensive that Cause and Effect Diagrams, involves determining ALL potential failures, the impacts of the failures and actions to both manage and prevent failures

7. Quality Tools and Techniques
Checksheets –
Used to organise facts to aid collection of data
Can be used during inspections
Example from:

8. Quality Tools and Techniques
Histograms –
Bar chart used to document the frequency with which certain events (defects or failures) occur
Pareto Charts or Pareto Diagrams –
Type of histogram that is ordered by frequency of occurrence. It shows the defects generated by the categories of the identified causes
Run Chart -
Similar to a control chart but doesn’t display the upper and lower performance limits, shows total variation in a process over time to enable trend analysis

9. Quality Tools and Techniques
Scatter Diagrams –
Correlation charts
Plots a change in relationship between two variables
Example from:

10. Quality Tools and Techniques
Control Charts –
Statistical method used to determine if a project or production process is stable and has predictable performance. The upper and lower limits relate to the requirements.
Statistical Sampling –
Examines a selection or sample group of outputs, products or deliverables for conformity to the requirements and quality standards
Design of Experiment -
Statistical method for identifying the factors that have the most influence over the quality of the end product, determines the accuracy of testing activities

11. 8.1 Plan Quality Management
Outputs of this process include –
Quality Management Plan
Detailed in the next slide
Quality Metrics
Part of detailed quality requirements
Quality Checklists
Part of Quality Control and sign off processes
Process Improvement Plan – advanced technique
Most relevant to projects with specific process improvement outcomes, e.g. those using Six Sigma’s project methodology
Project Document Updates
Stakeholder Register and Responsibility
Assignment Matrices (part of Project Human Resources)
Initiation
Planning
Execution
Close
Monitor
Control
Adapted from PMBOK 5th Edition

12. Quality Management Plan
The Quality Management Plan establishes the standards and processes to be used in Quality Assurance and Quality Control activities.
It is often overlooked on the assumption that it is too difficult to put together and that the project team will just know what is expected in terms of quality. This can result in a failure to meet project, product and deliverable quality requirements, which can leads to failure of the project or expensive rework and defect repair.
Common inclusions in the Quality Management Plan –
Links to organisational quality management policies and procedures
Links to specific quality standards that must be achieved
Detailed quality requirements
Quality Assurance process and tool definitions
Quality Control process and tool definitions
Defect tracking and repair processes
Initiation
Planning
Execution
Close
Monitor
Control
Adapted from PMBOK 5th Edition

13. 8.1 Plan Quality Management
Outputs - Quality Metrics
Deliverable: kitchen benchtops
Quality Metrics:
Granite
560mm deep
Installed to AS/NZS:4387.2:1996
Photo: WilsonB on Flickr
Customer
Initiation
Planning
Execution
Close
Monitor
Control
Industry
Adapted from PMBOK 5th Edition

14. 8.1 Plan Quality Management
Outputs - Quality Checklists
Item
Description
Date of Inspection
Assessor
Y/N
Comment 1.
Granite benchtops mm thick and mm deep 2.
Oven delivered is Miele model ME 3.
Oven installed flush to wall 4.
Tiles are level and grout is applied correctly
Initiation
Planning
Execution
Close
Monitor
Control
Adapted from PMBOK 5th Edition