Life in the Industrial Age The Industrial Revolution Spreads Ch.6.1
New Industrial Powers Emerge Britain tries to keep its inventions a secret Other nations (Germany & U.S.) Other nations (Germany & U.S.) gained access to industrial secrets & underwent their own industrial revolutions Had more abundant supplies of natural resources Went through social changes (working conditions, urbanization, etc.) Went through social changes (working conditions, urbanization, etc.) Some nations in eastern and southern Europe industrialize more slowly Some nations in eastern and southern Europe industrialize more slowly Lacked natural resources and capitol
Technology Sparks Industrial Growth 1880s, the union of science, technology, & industry spurred economic growth Henry Bessemer Henry Bessemer developed a new process for making lighter, more durable steel Chemists created new products Chemists created new products dynamite (A. Nobel) & aspirin Electric power replaced steam as the main source of industrial power Electric power replaced steam as the main source of industrial power Dynamo (M. Faraday) & Light Bulb (T. Edison) Manufacturers used interchangeable parts & assembly line system to simplify assembly and repair Manufacturers used interchangeable parts & assembly line system to simplify assembly and repair
Transportation & Communication Advances Steamships and railroads connected industry, resources, and consumers connected industry, resources, and consumers Henry Ford The internal combustion engine led to the invention of the automobile, which was mass- produced The internal combustion engine led to the invention of the automobile, which was mass- produced Telegraph allowed fast long-distance communication telephone made voice communication possible.
Business takes a New Direction late 1800s, big businesses took control of industries Stocks were sold to finance these businesses, which were formed by corporations Stocks were sold to finance these businesses, which were formed by corporations Monopolies, came to control entire industries Monopolies, came to control entire industries These were then regulated by some governments in order to limit growth and foster competition