Subbalakshmi Lokanadhan Professor (Agronomy) Department of Rice Tamil Nadu Agricultural University Coimbatore – 641 003. Efficient Resource Utilization.

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Presentation transcript:

Subbalakshmi Lokanadhan Professor (Agronomy) Department of Rice Tamil Nadu Agricultural University Coimbatore – Efficient Resource Utilization in SRI Method of Rice (CORH3) Cultivation – An Analysis

MANAGEMENT PRACTICES Standard MethodsSRI Type of NurseryWet nurseryModified mat nursery Seed rate (kg ha -1 )205 Seedling age for transplanting (days) 218 Seedlings hill Spacing (cm)20 x 1025 x 25 Weed management Hand weeding at 20 and 40 DAT Rotary/ cono -weeder 3x to uproot/incorporate weeds Water management Cyclic submergence of water up to 2.5cm height through out the cropping period Irrigation on appearance of hairline cracks up to PI; 1-2 cm after PI to 15 days before harvest Nutrient management Recommended fertilizer dose of NPK (150:60:60 Kg ha -1 ) Azolla (750 Kg ha -1 )+ Compost (2.5 tha -1 ) + 50% recommended dose of N, P and K. Application of N based on LCC value MANAGEMENT PRACTICES IN SRI / STANDARD METHOD

CORH 3: Salient Features ParticularsCORH 3 ParentageTNAU CMS 2A / CB 87 R Duration (days) grain weight (g)22 Grain type Medium slender white fine rice Morphological characters HabitSemi-dwarf Leaf sheathGreen PanicleLong, compact, drooping Rice colourWhite

GROWTH PARAMETERSTilleringP.I.FloweringMaturity Plant Height (cm) SRI Standard C.D.(0.05)5.08NS Tillers/hill (No.) Standard9887 SRI C.D.(0.05)1221 Tillers/m 2 (No.) Standard SRI C.D.(0.05)2037NS Dry Matter Production (t/ha) Standard SRI C.D.(0.05)

SRI system of rice cultivation recorded higher values of tillers at tillering (15), PI (23) flowering (26) and maturity (25) compared to standard method, recording 9 tillers/hill at tillering, 8 each at PI and flowering, and 7 tillers/hill at maturity Tillers/m 2 was higher in standard method recording 440/m 2 at tillering, 400/m 2 at PI, while SRI recorded higher tiller number of 402/m 2 at flowering and maturity Plant height was higher in standard method at tillering (58cm) and PI (69cm), and higher in SRI with 81cm at flowering and 83 cm at maturity SRI dry matter production was higher at flowering (10.13 t/ha) and maturity (11.0 t/ha) compared standard method

Method20 DAT40 DAT Weed population/m 2 Weed dry weight (kg/ha) Weed population/m 2 Weed dry weight (kg/ha) SRI Standard C.D. (0.05) WEED POPULATION AND DRY WEIGHT SRI recorded 14.05/m 2 (20 DAT) and 4.17 no/m 2 (40 DAT) standard method recorded 12.13/m 2 and 6.58/m 2 respectively At 20 DAT, SRI contributed to higher weed dry weight (9.48 kg/ha) at 20 DAT, while it was lower (6.04 kg/ha) at 40 DAT.

MethodTilleringP. I.FloweringMaturity Root length (cm) SRI Standard C.D. (0.05) Root volume (cc) SRI Standard C.D. (0.05) Root biomass (kg/ha) SRI Standard C.D. (0.05) ROOT CHARACTERISTICS

SRI recorded higher root length compared to standard method at all stages of crop growth SRI recorded root volume of 13.3 cc at tillering, 22.2 cc at PI, 33.7 cc at flowering, and 32.5 cc at maturity Higher root biomass was measured of 1840 kg/ha at PI, 2813 kg/ha at flowering, and 2360 kg/ha at maturity -- compared to standard methods At tillering stage, standard methods recorded higher root biomass of 679 kg/ha compared to 334 kg/ha in SRI method

MethodTilleringPanicle Initiation Flowering Leaf Area Index Standard SRI C.D. (0.05) Net Assimilation Rate (mg cm -2 day -1 ) Standard SRI C.D. (0.05)NS Crop Growth Rate (g m -2 day -1 ) Standard SRI C.D. (0.05)NS PHYSIOLOGICAL PARAMETERS

SRI system recorded 1.82 LAI at tillering, 3.65 LAI at PI, and 4.44 at flowering, while standard methods recorded 4.40, 4.78 and 4.16 LAI in the respective stages SRI recorded higher crop growth rate of g m -2 day -1 at flowering phase, and 3.23 g m -2 day -1 at maturity phase The net assimilation rate was mg cm -2 day -1 at flowering phase, and 0.04 mg cm -2 day -1 at maturity phase

MethodFungi (x 10 4 ) Hetero- trophic bacteria (x 10 7 ) Fluorescent pseudomonades (x 10 6 ) Phospho- bacteria (x 10 6 ) Standard SRI MICROBIAL POPULATION AT FLOWERING STAGE (no. of CFU g-1) SRI system of rice cultivation recorded higher microbial population of 4.2 x 10 4 (fungi), 1.4 x 10 7 (heterotrophic bacteria), 2.9 x 10 6 (fluorescent pseudomonades), and 6.8 x 10 6 (phosphobacteria) Rice grown with standard methods recorded 2.1 x 10 4 (fungi), 1.4 x 10 7 (heterotrophic bacteria), 1.6 x 10 6 (fluorescent pseudomonades), and 6.3 x 10 6 (phosphobacteria ) at flowering stage.

MethodN (kg/ha)P (kg/ha)K (kg/ha) Initial Soil Sample 209*15.80*559* Post-harvest Soil Sample Standard198*17.4*506.50* SRI206*18.58*506.75* C.D. (0.05) NS Uptake (post-harvest) Standard SRI C.D. (0.05) SOIL CHARACTERISTICS * available nutrients

Method Pani- cle length (cm) Pani- cle weight (g) Spike- lets / panicle (no.) Filled grains/ panicle (no.) Steri- lity (%) grain weight (g) Stan- dard SRI C.D. (0.05) NS0.1 YIELD-CONTRIBUTING ATTRIBUTES Among the yield parameters, panicle length, panicle weight, spikelets/panicle, and filled grains/panicle recorded higher values in SRI (23.05 cm, 2.88 g, 240, and 189) compared to 21.87cm, 2.54g, 227 and 127 with standard methods of transplanting.

MethodB.C.RatioHarvest Index Cost of Cultivation Standard ,120 Rs. SRI ,150 Rs. C.D. (0.05) YIELD CHARACTERISTICS

VarietiesCORH 3ADT 43 Crop duration (days)115 Grain yield (kg/ha)7,2504,500 Straw yield (kg/ha)8,5905,340 Energy use efficiency (%) Nutrient use efficiency (%) Water use efficiency (kg/mm/ha) Per day productivity (g)6339 Total input energy (MJ/ha) 23,290 23,938 Total output energy (MJ/ha)225,596179,658 Efficiency of natural resources by CORH 3 in SRI method of cultivation

Key factors Operation of conoweeder and Churning of the soil Square planting Young seedling

CONCLUSION SRI method of rice cultivation is an efficient in natural resource utilization, especially with CORH 3