1. EFFECT OF ORGANIC NUTRIENT MANAGEMENT ON SOYBEAN-WHEAT CROP SEQUENCE UNDER IRRIGATED CONDITION
Dr. J. P. Deshmukh
Shri. S. N. Potkile
Shri. P. V. Shingrup
Shri. S. P. Patil
Department of Agronomy
Dr. Panjabrao Deshmukh
Krishi Vidyapeeth, Akola
M.S. India

2. Introduction Objectives
Soybean - wheat is the predominant cropping system in deep vertisols of central India..
In Maharashtra, there is growing awareness in farmers to cultivate crops under organic farming system
Crop residues are good source of nutrients and are important components in the stability of organic agriculture.
Now a days farmers prefer mechanical harvesting of crop due to shortage and high labour cost
Mechanical harvesting provides a sizable quantity of crop residues is left in the field which can be easily recycled for nutrient supply.
Nitrogen is the element to be first thrust in sense of organic farming.
The use of organic inputs like FYM, VC, CR, jeevamrut and green leaf manure etc. are very well known for supplying the N in major quantity .
improve physical, chemical, biological properties of the soil and also improve productivity of crops on sustainable basis .
Objectives
To study the effect of different organic sources on growth and yield of soybean –wheat cropping sequence
To study the fertility status in soybean-wheat cropping sequence
To study the economics of soybean –wheat cropping sequence

3. Methodology Treatment Details
The experiment on soybean-wheat cropping sequence under irrigated condition was conducted during at Agronomy farm, Department of Agronomy, Dr.PDKV, Akola (MS).
The soil of the experimental plot was clay with pH 8.1, Organic Carbon 4.2 g/Kg, Available nitrogen 212 Kg/ha, Available Phosphorus15.6 Kg/ha and Available Potassium 369 kg/ha.
Design RBD with Three Replications
Treatment Details
Tr.
Kharif (Soybean)
Rabi (Wheat) T1
Control T2
100% RDN through FYM T3
100% RDN through Vermicompost T4
100% RDN through Compost T5
100% RDN through FYM + Jeevamrut
100% RDN through FYM+ Jeevamrut T6
100% RDN through Vermicompost+ Jeevamrut
100%RDNthroughVermicompost+ Jeevamrut T7
100% RDN through Compost+ Jeevamrut T8
Cotton Residue 5 t/ha + Jeevamrut T9
Wheat Residue 5 t/ha + Jeevamrut
T10
Soybean Residue 5 t/ha + Jeevamrut

4. Soybean Eq. Yield (q/ha) System Profitability (Rs/ha/day)
Results and conclusion
System Productivity
Significantly higher soybean seed equivalent yield (47.00 q/ha) was recorded with vermicompost + jeevamrut (T6) followed by compost + jeevamrut (T7) and only vermicompost (T3). However, the treatment T7 and T3 were at par with the treatment FYM + jeevamrut (T5) and it was significantly higher over rest of the treatments. Soybean seed equivalent yield (13.93 q/ha) was least in control (T1)
Table 1 : Yield and economics of Soybean-wheat crop sequence as
influenced by different treatments.
Tr.
Soybean (q/ha)
Wheat (q/ha)
Soybean Eq. Yield (q/ha)
System GMR (Rs/ha)
System NMR (Rs/ha)
B:C
Ratio
System Profitability (Rs/ha/day)
Grain
Straw T1
7.75
10.63
11.77
15.56
13.93
37530
14025
1.60 38 T2
18.32
24.42
29.85
39.80
33.99
91573
55258
2.52
151 T3
22.17
33.25
35.53
52.23
40.48
110470
63745
2.36
175 T4
19.35
25.82
30.23
42.59
35.23
94994
57739
2.55
158 T5
21.81
30.39
34.59
48.83
39.97
107899
69588
2.82
191 T6
24.98
36.81
41.94
62.76
47.00
127222
78501
2.61
215 T7
22.51
31.07
35.19
50.02
40.98
110620
71369
196 T8
11.62
15.20
18.49
25.51
21.31
57472
28971
2.02 79 T9
10.86
12.66
13.85
19.88
18.13
48739
18238 50
T10
13.04
17.83
20.67
29.92
23.89
64501
31500
1.95 86
CD 5%
2.39
3.37
3.88
7.60
3.69
8651 -

5. Available Nutrient (kg ha-1)
Soil fertility status
Higher pH and EC was recorded in control and lower pH and EC was observed in treatment application of various organic sources and crop residues. The organic manures and crop residues are organic in nature and during their decomposition in soil, release organic acid in soil, may help to reduction in pH and EC.
The increase in Organic carbon and available N, P and K content is due to the addition of organic sources over control The increase in organic carbon and available N, P and K content could be attributed to higher biomass production. The variation in organic carbon status and available N, P and K content among the treatments could be due to the different rate of oxidation of organic matter by microbes. The increase due to direct addition of NPK through organic manure in the soil.
Table 2 Effect of organic sources on fertility status of soil
Tr. pH
EC (dSm-1)
OC (g kg-1)
Available Nutrient (kg ha-1) N P K T1
8.1
0.26
4.4
205.3
17.10
330.3 T2
7.5
0.25
4.9
225.2
22.3
346.5 T3
7.3
5.0
228.1
23.6
347.3 T4
7.6
4.8
220.7
22.1
341.2 T5
7.4
0.24
226.4
23.1
348.4 T6
230.3
23.7
349.5 T7
221.4
342.4 T8
7.7
4.6
214.5
20.7
337.5 T9
8.0
4.7
216.3
12.2
330.2
T10
7.8
218.5
23.4
342.6 WR
VC+J

6. Economics Conclusion Monetary return (Rs/ha)
In the soybean-wheat cropping sequence maximum GMR of Rs.1,27,222/-ha and NMR Rs.78501/ha and system profitability Rs 215 /ha/day were obtained with the application of vermicompost + jeevamrut (T6) treatment fallowed by compost + jeevamrut (T7).
In case of B:C ratio maximum and equal B:C ratio values 2.82 were obtained in treatments supplied with FYM + jeevamrut (T5) and compost + jeevamrut (T7) fallowed by treatment vermicompost + jeevamrut (T6).
The values of GMR and NMR except B:C ratio were lowest in wheat crop residues (T9) fallowed by the control (T1).
Conclusion
In organic farming, application of vermicompost, farmyard manure and compost alongwith jeevamrut found beneficial in increasing the system productivity, economic returns and fertility status of soil in soybean - wheat cropping sequence under irrigated condition.