WAR OF James Madison became President in British continue harassment of U.S. trade and settler in the west -US declares war on Britain -U.S. fails to invade Canada

WAR OF British burn parts of Washington, Hartford Convention debates New England’s part in war -Treaty of Ghent, 1814 (nothing changed hands) -US wins battle of New Orleans Andrew Jackson becomes hero

WAR OF British burn parts of Washington, Hartford Convention debates New England’s part in war -Treaty of Ghent, 1814 (nothing changed hands) -US wins battle of New Orleans Andrew Jackson becomes hero

WAR OF British burn parts of Washington, Hartford Convention debates New England’s part in war -Treaty of Ghent, 1814 (nothing changed hands) -US wins battle of New Orleans Andrew Jackson becomes hero

Federal Powers --Powers expanded -growth of the national governments powers -Implied Powers and the National Bank -Judicial Review— Marbury v. Madison

Federal Powers -Implied Powers and National Supremacy confirmed McCulloch v. Maryland Gibbons v. Ogden interstate commerce controlled by National government

Foreign Affairs -end of the war of Era of Good Feelings -northern border with Canada established 49 th parallel -Florida becomes part of the US, Adams-Onis Treaty also sets SW border with Spanish Mexico

Monroe Doctrine -James Monroe became President in U.S. is still a fragile nation in the world arena -attempts to claim part of the world as our own “neighborhood” -Monroe Doctrine states that Europeans should not interfere with this hemisphere

Missouri Compromise -slavery had not been an issue since the Constitutional Convention -abolitionist movement was beginning to grow there were an equal number of free and slave states

Missouri Compromise -Missouri and Maine will enter at same time to keep balance -line is drawn at Missouri to determine future of slavery

Industrial Revolution -developed in Great Britain -interchangeable parts Eli Whitney -mass production -Lowell System modern factory highly organized

Boom/Bust Cycles: The blue line shows, for comparison, the price of a year’s tuition at Harvard College. In 1790 it was $24, but by 1860 had risen to $104.

Distribution of Wealth v During the American Revolution, 45% of all wealth in the top 10% of the population. v 1845 Boston  top 4% owned over 65% of the wealth. v 1860 Philadelphia  top 1% owned over 50% of the wealth. v The gap between rich and poor was widening!

Industrial Revolution -developed in Great Britain -interchangeable parts Eli Whitney -mass production -Lowell System modern factory highly organized

SOCIETY North -Societal Changes Owners of industry Laborers -First unions develop -Anti-slavery movement -emancipation South -based on agriculture -plantation owners -planters -farmers -slaves -the “necessary evil”

Cotton is King -cotton is valuable crop but requires great hand labor -invention of cotton gin by Eli Whitney -increased capacity for cotton production

Sectional Differences -views differed on many issues -land Free land v. market value -tariff High v. low -slavery

American System -high tariff -national bank -system of internal improvements roads, bridges, canals -help to settle western lands -promoted by Henry Clay John C. Calhoun

Transportation -National Road Conestogas -Erie Canal -Railroad building will begin soon

Transportation -National Road Conestogas -Erie Canal -Railroad building will begin soon

Transportation -National Road Conestogas -Erie Canal -Railroad building will begin soon

Election of no winner of electoral college -John Q. Adams chosen over Jackson as President -Called corrupt bargain because Jackson had most votes -Jackson’s supporters formed Democratic Party and opposed Adams’ policies

Election of no winner of electoral college -John Q. Adams chosen over Jackson as President -Called corrupt bargain because Jackson had most votes -Jackson’s supporters formed Democratic Party and opposed Adams’ policies

Election of no winner of electoral college -John Q. Adams chosen over Jackson as President -Called corrupt bargain because Jackson had most votes -Jackson’s supporters formed Democratic Party and opposed Adams’ policies

Election of high voter turnout b/c voting requirements had been lowered -previous voting laws had limited voting to property owning white males -Jackson appealed to the “Common Man” -Jackson becomes first western President Jackson re-elected

Jackson’s Presidency -”Common Man”’s President -creation of the Spoils System -greater democracy, but women and minorities still ignored -Great Silence over the issue of slavery

Nullification Crisis -debate over high tariffs -Tariff of Abominations -John C. Calhoun -theory of nullification Calhoun’s “S.C. Exposition and Protest” -S.C. threatens secession -Jackson threatens the use of force -Henry Clay organizes a compromise

Nullification Crisis -debate over high tariffs -Tariff of Abominations -John C. Calhoun -theory of nullification Calhoun’s “S.C. Exposition and Protest” -S.C. threatens secession -Jackson threatens the use of force -Henry Clay organizes a compromise

Nullification Crisis -debate over high tariffs -Tariff of Abominations -John C. Calhoun -theory of nullification Calhoun’s “S.C. Exposition and Protest” -S.C. threatens secession -Jackson threatens the use of force -Henry Clay organizes a compromise

Indian Policy -different views about Indian policy -Indian Removal Act, Cherokee takes the issue to the Supreme Court and wins -Worchester v. Georgia -Jackson ignores the court and orders removal -Trail of Tears, 1838

Indian Policy -different views about Indian policy -Indian Removal Act, Cherokee takes the issue to the Supreme Court and wins -Worchester v. Georgia -Jackson ignores the court and orders removal -Trail of Tears, 1838

National Bank -Jackson disliked the Bank of the U.S. -thought it an abuse of power and served the wealthy first -thought it lacked the constitutional ability to exist -Jackson vetoed the new charter for the bank and withdrew all gov’t funds -Jackson placed gov’t funds in favored state banks which critics called the “Pet Banks” which led to a monetary crisis

Van Buren -Martin Van Buren was elected after Jackson -suffered b/c of Jackson’s bank policies -Panic of 1837 left many in bad economic situations -Newly formed Whig party gains strength

Harrison and Tyler -War hero William Henry Harrison becomes first Whig President -Harrison dies 1 month into office -John Tyler is first V.P. to become President

Regional Specialization EAST  Industrial SOUTH  Cotton & Slavery WEST  The Nation’s “Breadbasket”

American Population Centers in 1820

American Population Centers in 1860

National Origin of Immigrants: Why now?

Know- Nothing Party: “The Supreme Order of the Star-Spangled Banner” Know- Nothing Party: “The Supreme Order of the Star-Spangled Banner”

Changing Occupation Distributions:

ECONOMIC? SOCIAL? POLITICAL? FUTURE PROBLEMS?