Warm-up: Tuesday Sketch the Arabian Peninsula Label Mecca and Medina

Ch. 6: The World of Islam

In the year A.D. 570 a man who would greatly influence the religious beliefs of Islam was born in the city of Makkah (Mecca). This man’s name was: A. Constantine B. Buddha C. Muhammad D. Moses

He taught that the poor and wealthy were equal, and that the wealthy should share their means with those who did not have enough. Which Pillar is this? A. Salah B. Zakat C. Hajj D. Shahada

There was a separation of church and state within the Islamic Empire. A. True B. False

Beginnings of an Islamic Empire By A.D. 631 Muhammad was recognized as the prophet of God (Allah). Muhammad was then easily able to conquer the entire Arabian Peninsula with little opposition.

Which color represents expansion under the rule of Muhammad? A. white B. Beige C. Green D. brown

Muhammad A.D. 632 Muhammad died During his short reign, he: ◦ founded a new world religion, ◦ united all of the Arabian tribes behind one central government

Your Task: Read the information about the life of Muhammad and answer the questions! Turn in when finished Any extra time = work on vocab

Warm-up: Wednesday Veteran’s Day Warm-up: 1. Yes or No: Someone in my family is/was a soldier. 2. Do you think the Berry Amendment is a good idea? Why or why not?

The death of Muhammad left his followers with this problem: A. They were out of money B. He left his son in charge C. The people returned to polytheism D. He never named a successor

What is a caliph? A. Successor to Muhammad and leader of Islam B. The term for those who practice Islam C. A large political unit made up of many territories D. An ethnic group living in the Arabian peninsula

Successors of Muhammad (caliphs) Abu Bakr (father- in-law) Next 2 assass- inated Ali (son-in- law) Mu’awiyah (rival of Ali)

Growth of Islamic Empire Under the direction of the caliphs, the Islamic empire continued to spread in influence, wealth, and power. The first four successors to Muhammad, known as ______________, were close friends and relatives of Muhammad. Through their military might they greatly expanded the borders of Islam, bringing their once great neighbors, the Persians, completely under their control. These leaders also conquered much of the Byzantine empire. caliphs On the white board: Write what goes in the blank!

How do you think the empire grew prosperous? East Africa Gold, Ivory Southeast Asia Spices South of Sahara Gold, slaves Through trade! Answer the question on the white board.

The Umayyad From A.D. 661 until A.D. 750 Islam would be ruled by the descendants of Mu’ Awiyah known as the Umayyads. Islam continued its rapid spread throughout the world. Answer on the white board: How do you know this is a dynasty? Dynasty

While the Umayyads were in power, there was a split within Islam. Why? A. Rulers couldn’t decide on where to put the capital B. Disagreement on who should rule Islam C. Some did not believe Muhammad was the true Prophet D. They were afraid they spread too quickly

What are the two main branches of Islam? A. Tigris and Euphrates B. Muslim and Arab C. Sunni and Shiite D. Caliph and Quran

Split in Islam The followers of Ali were upset that he was killed, and refused to accept the rule of Mu’ Awiyah. ◦ Instead they installed Husayn, the son of Ali, as their leader. Those who followed Husayn = Shiite Muslims ◦ Today: leaders must be direct descendents of Muhammad Those who remained faithful to Mu’ Awiyah = Sunni Muslims ◦ Today: leaders voted by the members of the community Answer on the white board: How can this lead to problems today?

You will soon learn about a split within Christianity. Any idea? A. Christians and Jews B. Catholics and Protestants C. Muslims and Catholics D. Christians and Catholics

The Abbasid Dynasty The Shiites continued to work against the Sunni Umayyad leaders. A building resentment for the Umayyads was furthered by their mistreatment of non-Arab Muslims, who were considered second class citizens and paid higher taxes and had fewer rights. In A.D. 747 the Shiites and non- Arab Muslims gathered together an army under the leadership of Abu’ l-‘ Abbas, who was a direct __________________ of Muhammad. descendant On the white board: Write what goes in the blank!

Abbasid Dynasty After defeating the Umayyads, Abbas established himself as caliph. He and his descendants would rule Islam until A.D Abbas built a new capital city - Baghdad. By A.D. 900 over one million people lived and worked in Baghdad. On the white board: Take a guess: what group of people conquered the Abbasid Dynasty?

Women could become caliphs and rulers of the Umayyad and Abbasid dynasties. A. True B. False

As we can see, Islam spread during this time period. Answer on the white board: Where did Islam originate?

Many Islamic ideas spread to other parts of the world. What was an Islamic achievement in math that we use today? A. Pythagorean Theorem B. Algebra C. Roman numerals D. Addition

Answer on the white board: Name one modern-day country that has been under Muslim rule at one time in its history.

Reading: Islamic Influence on Spain What is the Islamic influence on Spain? Give two specific examples Answer on the white board

Your Task: Complete your vocab!

ISIS - Caliphate east east

Warm-up: Thursday Write a statement that describes the location of Islam in 624 AD.