Friday 12 th July 2013 Tees Valley Public Health Shared Services Valuing the Difference Workshop

∂ Myers Briggs Type Indicator - provide a framework to: 1.Helps you to understand yourself and others 2.There are no right or wrong 3. Explores different styles 4. Helps us to expect and value differences

∂ Myers Briggs Type Indicator Showing preference for one of two opposites on four dimensions (or in four different areas) when your preferred approach is used you generally feel most confident and natural we use both preferences at different times, but not both at once or with equal comfort and confidence

∂ MYERS-BRIGGS TYPE INDICATOR ( MBTI ) - HISTORY Based on C.G.Jung’s theory of personality types Two types of people, extroverts and introverts (where we get our energy) 10 years of research, subdivided extravert and introvert types into 8 types (mental functions) sensing versus intuition (how we process information) thinking versus feeling (how we make decisions) Myers and Briggs built on Jung’s research – extended model by adding judging and perceiving dichotomy (how we deal with the outer world)

∂ MBTI Four Dimensions IE I ntrovert E xtrovert NS i N tuitive S ensing TF T hinking F eeling PJ P erception J udging

∂ Energy RM 3-7 EXTRAVERSIONINTROVERSION Being energised through contact with other people or through engaging in activities (the outer world) Being energised through ideas, quiet times, or solitude (the inner world)

∂ Where do you prefer to focus your attention. How are you energised? E (Extrovert)  Initiating ◦ Sociable, congenial, introduce people  Expressive ◦ Demonstrative, easier to know, self revealing  Gregarious ◦ Seek popularity, broad circle of friends  Active ◦ Interactive, want contact  Enthusiastic ◦ Lively, energetic, seek spotlight I (Introvert)  Receiving ◦ Reserved, low key, are introduced  Contained ◦ Controlled, harder to know, private  Intimate ◦ Seek intimacy, one to one, find individuals  Reflective ◦ Onlooker, prefer space  Quiet ◦ Calm, enjoy solitude, seek background

∂ How are you energised? E  Prefer to communicate by talking  Work out ideas by talking them through  Learn best by doing or discussing  Have broad range of interests  Sociable and expressive  Readily take initiative in work and relationships I  Prefer to communicate in writing  Work out ideas by reflecting on them  Learn best by reflection and mental ‘practice’  Focus in depth on their interests  Private and contained  Take initiative when the situation or issue is very important to them

∂ Talking in a Group

∂ E’s may think I’s are withholding information when they are processing internally. I’s may think E’s are changing their minds when they are processing a decision verbally Something to be aware of ……

∂ How do you take in information? S (Sensing) Concrete –Exact facts, literal, tangible Realistic –Sensible, matter of fact, seek efficiency Practical –Pragmatic, results orientated Experiential –Hands-on, trust experience Traditional –Conventional, customary, tried and tested N (iNtuition) Abstract –Figurative, symbolic, intangible Imaginative –Resourceful, inventive, seek novelty Conceptual –Ideas orientated Theoretical –Seek patterns, hypothetical, trust theories Original –Unconventional, different, new and unusual

∂ How do you take in information? S  Present realities  Factual and concrete  Focus on what is real and actual  Observe and remember details  Build carefully and thoroughly towards conclusions  Understand ideas and theories through practical applications  Trust experience N Future possibilities Imaginative and creative Focus on patterns and meanings in data Remember details when they relate to a pattern Move quickly to conclusions, follow hunches Want to clarify ideas and theories before putting them into practice Trust inspiration

∂ S’s may think N’s are changing the subject when they are generating new possibilities N’s may think S’s are unimaginative when they are being realistic about practical matters Something to be aware of ……

∂ “A frequent mistake Intuitive types make in communicating about change is to assume that the amount of information that convinced them of the need for change will be sufficient for the sensing type”. Sue G Clancy Developing leaders

∂ Two ways of making decisions (Judgement) Feeling Decisions - Makes decisions based on personal values and convictions Thinking Decisions - Makes decisions based on objective analysis and logic

∂ How do you prefer to make decisions? T (Thinking)  Logical ◦ Impersonal, seek impartiality, objective analysis  Reasonable ◦ Truthful, cause and effect, apply principles  Questioning ◦ Precise, challenging, want discussion  Critical ◦ Sceptical, want proof  Tough ◦ Firm, tough minded, ends orientated F (Feeling)  Empathetic ◦ Personal, seek harmony, central values  Compassionate ◦ Tactful, sympathetic, loyal  Accommodating ◦ Approving, agreeable, want harmony  Accepting ◦ Tolerant, trusting, give praise  Tender ◦ Gently, tender hearted, means orientated

∂ How do you prefer to make decisions? T  Analytical  Use case and effect reasoning  Solve problems with logic  Strive for an objective standard of truth  Reasonable  Can be ‘tough minded’  Fair – want everyone to be treated equally F  Empathetic  Guided by personal logic  Assess impacts of decisions on people  Strive for harmony and positive interactions  Compassionate  May appear ‘tender hearted’  Fair want everyone to be treated as an individual

∂ T’s may think F’s are over personalising when they focus on the impact on the individual F’s may think T’s are harsh and cold when they take a detached problem solving point of view Something to be aware of ……

∂ T’s - Business before relationship. Its about what makes sense. F’s- Relationship before business. What matters is harmony.

∂ And finally….approach to life JUDGING PERCEIVING

∂ Which lifestyle do you prefer? J (Judging)  Systematic ◦ Orderly, structured, dislike diversions  Planned ◦ Future focused, advanced planner, like firm plans  Early starting ◦ Motivated by self discipline, steady progress, late start stressful  Scheduled ◦ Want routine, make lists, procedures help  Methodical ◦ Plan specifics tasks, note subtasks, organised P (Perceiving)  Casual ◦ Relaxed, easygoing, welcome diversions  Open ended ◦ Present focused, go with flow, make flexible plans  Pressure prompted ◦ Motivated by pressure, bursts and spurts, find early starting unstimulating  Spontaneous ◦ Want variety, enjoy the unexpected, procedures hinder  Emergent ◦ Plunge in, let strategies emerge, adaptable

∂ Which lifestyle do you prefer? J  Scheduled  Organise their lives  Systematic  Methodical  Make short and long term plans  Like to have things decided  Try to avoid last minute stresses P Spontaneous Flexible Casual Open ended Adapt, change course Like things loose and open to change Feel engergised be last minute pressures

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∂ J’s may think P’s are lazy or procrastinating when they are trying to keep their options open P’s may think J’s are rigid and controlling when they are structuring and organising Something to be aware of ……

∂ Perceivers try to avoid pain through adapting and harmonising with the environment. Judgers seek to avoid painful experiences through judging and controlling their environment Isabelle Briggs Myers and Peter B Myers

∂ Doesn’t type fence you in? ‘For most people really understanding their own type in particular and other people’s type in general is a releasing experience rather than a restricting one. It sets one free to recognise ones own natural bent and to trust one’s own potential for growth and excellence with no obligation to copy anyone else, however admirable that person may be in his or her own different way’. Isabel Myers

∂ UK population type table

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∂ MBTI - Applications Dealing with Change Career development Team frustrations Communication and meetings Facilitation and presentation skills Career development

∂ Type Differences During Change Groups: IS, EN, IN, ES During times of change: –what do you need –what do you bring –what irritates you

∂ Differences During Change Groups: ST, NT, SF, NF –What do you need to ‘sell you a change idea ?’

∂ Type and ‘selling’ an idea feelingthinking sensing iNtuition SF - will form bond of loyalty to idea or person ST - will focus on meeting practical needs NT - will test competence during interaction NF – will look for shared values

∂ What Each Preference Needs During Organisational Change Extraversion Time to talk about what is going on. Involvement - something to do. Communication, Communication, Communication. To be heard - to have a voice. Action, getting on with it, keeping up the pace. Sensing Real data - why is change occurring? Specifics and details about what exactly is to change. Connections between the planned changes and the past. Realistic pictures of the future that make the plans real. Clear guidelines on expectations, roles and responsibilities - or the opportunity to design them. Introversion Time alone to reflect on what is going on. To be asked what they think about things. Thought-out, written communication and one-on- one discussions. Time to think through their positions before discussions or meetings. Time to assimilate changes before taking action. Intuition The overall rationale - the global realities. A general plan or direction to play around with and develop. Chances to paint a picture of the future - to create a vision that works for them. Options - general direction but not too much structure. Opportunities to participate in designing the future, to influence the changes.

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∂ Use a type framework to understand that……...  differences between people are natural: not something you can change  all type preferences are positive: no aspect of preference is better or worse  the other persons preference may be directly opposite to your natural preference  the other persons preferences are clues as to how they want to be worked with / related to  their behaviour may have nothing to do with their type preference

∂ MBTI Golden Rules It is a measure of preferences – not skills, abilities or behaviour There are no better or worse types – all types have strengths and weaknesses Everyone uses both aspects of each dimension – but it takes more energy to use non-preferred dimensions Your reported type can be overwritten by you because you are the best judge of your own personality type Use the MBTI as a starting point for discussion and understanding, not an end in itself

∂ Recap I know your type! -Understand strengths and weaknesses Understand other types -And possible areas for conflict Apply to your relationships -At work and at home