Removal of the Creek and Cherokee from Georgia Native Removal Removal of the Creek and Cherokee from Georgia

Sentence Completion The ________________ natives were forced to leave their lands after the signing of the Treaty of Indian Springs. In the early 1830s, gold was discovered in _________________ Georgia, causing thousands of people to rush onto Cherokee land. President ________________________ signed the Indian Removal Act. ____________ is the number of Cherokee that left on the Trail of Tears. About ____________ (number) Cherokee escaped the roundup and ran to live in the Appalachian Mountains of North Carolina and Tennessee.

Sentence Completion The _________Creek_______ natives were forced to leave their lands after the signing of the Treaty of Indian Springs. In the early 1830s, gold was discovered in ________Dahlonega_________ Georgia, causing thousands of people to rush onto Cherokee land. President ___________Andrew Jackson___ signed the Indian Removal Act. ________17,000____ is the number of Cherokee that left on the Trail of Tears. About ___1,000_________ (number) Cherokee escaped the roundup and ran to live in the Appalachian Mountains of North Carolina and Tennessee.

Conflicting Views Only 105 years after white settlers came to GA, the Native American population was gone due to the one treasure the white settlers wanted - "land" Indians believed land could only be used, but never owned Whites believed land was to be bought, sold, or inherited Native Lands in Georgia

Civilized? Write down everything you can think of when you hear the word civilized. Keep writing as many things as possible for 1 minute. Now, turn to your face partner and share what you have. Choose your favorite words and create a definition of what it means to be civilized in 5 words or less.

Georgia’s native American tribes The 5 "civilized" groups: Creeks, Cherokees, Seminoles, Choctaws, and Chickasaws Creeks not a single tribe (confederation), also known as Muscogees. Upper Creeks and Lower Creeks (some known as Seminoles)

Georgia vs. Natives Which group, the Cherokee or the Creek were the first to lose land in Georgia? How did Georgia benefit from removal of the Creek? Write down your answers and discuss with your pod. Everyone must share their answers.

The Creek Creeks and settlers fought for land. Creeks eventually gave up land for money and goods. Alexander McGillvrey ceded land to the U.S. Col. Benjamin Hawkins became U.S. Indian agent for Creeks. He tried to teach them modern farming skills and to keep peace

Creek In 1812 America went to war again with Britain. Upper Creek (Red sticks) fought with British. General Andrew Jackson fought against the Creek and forced them to give up all land in south GA and Eastern Alabama.

Creek U.S. Government promised remaining Creek free land in the west if they would give up remaining land. Creeks began adapting to white culture, but still owned lots of land in GA. Federal gov't tried to "bargain" with Creeks. Most resisted giving up more land.

What would You do? You are the chief of the Creek nation in 1825. You have witnessed your people’s land get smaller and smaller each year as the state of Georgia has negotiated and forced your people west. You have been approached by the state of Georgia and offered a lot of money if you will sign away the rest of the Creek land to the state and in return you will be given free land in the west. Would you take the money and agree to move your people west, or would you resist and continue trying to keep what land remains as part of your nation? Why?

William mcintosh Father was Scottish, mom was Creek. McIntosh given lots of money to get Creeks to sell remaining land. February 12, 1825 McIntosh signed Treaty of Indian Springs ceding all Creek lands to U.S. May 1, Creeks surrounded McIntosh's house, set it on fire, and killed him. http://app.discoveryeducation.com/player/view/assetGuid/E54FF514- 1CDC-414E-ABE2-46C85A5308DE

Think/Share/Share Write down main points from your section (article) Dance to the music and walk around. When music stops, share your points about your section. When music begins, dance around again….repeat.

Cherokee Lived in Appalachian Mts. of northern GA, NC, and Tennessee.

Cherokee Best adapted to white culture Sequoyah: (George Gus) taught syllabary (written language) New Echota: Cherokee capital-had similar constitution to U.S. "Cherokee Phoenix" : bilingual newspaper http://app.discoveryeducation.com/ player/view/assetGuid/1ECFE713- CBAA-4C6E-AB04-04F167560583

Cherokee Gold discovered in Dahlonega. (site of 1st U.S. gold rush) 1828 General Assembly declare Cherokee laws "null and void“ and extend Georgia governmental authority into Cherokee territory.

Cherokee Georgia requires any whites living in Cherokee territory to take an oath of allegiance to the state. Worcester vs. Georgia: Samuel Worcester was a missionary living with Cherokee . He and 10 others refused to take the oath and were arrested.

Cherokee Supreme Court under John Marshall ruled that the Cherokee were a separate nation and GA law did not apply in Cherokee territory, therefore, Worcester could not have broken any Georgia laws. This was huge because it meant that the U.S. recognized the Cherokee as a nation.

Cherokee What do you see in this picture? What do you think the cartoonists is trying to say? Do you believe this is a true depiction of Andrew Jackson’s relationship with the natives?

cherokee Andrew Jackson: Indian Removal Act of 1830 stated that all natives should be moved west of the Mississippi River so that the states east of the Mississippi could continue with their progress. He referred to the natives as children that needed to be “cared for” by the U.S government.

Cherokee After the Worcester v. Georgia decision, Jackson refuses to back the Supreme Court: “John Marshall has made his decision, now let him enforce it.” What does he mean by this statement? http://app.discoveryeducation.com/player/view/assetGuid/9B697176-7F73-439A-B9AA-2B0377CBDDC4

Cherokee John Ross: Principal Chief continues to try and negotiate with the U.S. and hold out on removal through the use of the U.S. government. John Ridge: wealthy council member that also tries to use U.S. government to resist removal.

Cherokee Eventually John Ridge and his father Major Ridge agree to sell remaining Cherokee land to Georgia and move to Oklahoma. (Treaty of New Echota) Georgia begins to round up Cherokee and send them to forts.

Cherokee Great Land Lottery 1832: 10 new counties created; Cherokee families forced out of their homes. Cherokee tried to be citizens of U.S. but Jackson refused.

Cherokee 1838: General Winfield Scott rounded up 15,000 Cherokees to force out. Forced to walk in winter, killing thousands of men, women, and children. Sent to reservation in Oklahoma.