Chapter 2 1. The _____________, that King John was forced to sign in ______, provided the basis for the principle of limited government.

Sec 1  2. In ______, the king of England was forced to sign the Petition of _______. This also limited the power of the king; for example the English monarchy could no longer collect ______ without Parliament’s consent.  3. In _____, Parliament also passed the English ______________, this would be very important to the American colonies. This set clear limits on what a ruler could & could not do.

Sec 1  4. A representative government is when elected delegates make laws and conduct gov’t.  5. John ______, Voltaire, & Jean Jacques ___________’s writings influenced the American colonists. These guys believed that people should contract among themselves to form governments to protect their natural rights.

Sec 1  6. The English founded __ colonies along the eastern coast of North America between ____ Nine of the thirteen colonies had an official or established church.  7. The _________ Compact that the Pilgrims signed in ____ stands as the first example of many colonial plans for self- government. This was drawn up on the ship by 41 men representing all the Pilgrim families.

Sec 1  8. In 1636 the colony of Massachusetts adopted the Great ____________, the first basic system of laws in the English colonies.  9. America’s first formal constitution called the Fundamental ______ of ____________. This document laid out a plan for gov’t that gave the people the right to elect the governor, judges, and representatives to make laws.

Sec 1  10. The ________ House of Burgesses, the first legislature in America, was established in ____, only 12 years after the settlement of ___________.  11. Separation of powers was popularized by ____________’s The Spirit of Laws and was later vital to the United States Constitution.

Sec 2  1. The _________ were supposed to serve as a source of raw materials and a market for British goods.  2. Two events change the relationship between the colonies & Britain. First, the _______________ War, fought between _________. This war started as a struggle between the French & British over lands in western ____________ & _____. _____________ won the war.

Sec 2  3. Secondly, George III became king of Britain in 1760, he had different ideas about how the colonies should be governed.  4. The war left Britain with a large war debt, that the British expected the colonies to help repay.  5. To help pay, the king levied taxes on ___, sugar, glass, & _____. The _______ Act of 1765 imposed the first direct tax on the colonists.

Sec 2  6. The Stamp Act required them to pay a tax on legal documents, pamphlets, & newspapers.  7. In _______ a group of colonists, dressed as Mohawk Indians, dumped chests of British tea into the Boston harbor. This became the Boston Tea Party.

Sec 2  8. In retaliation Parliament passed the Coercive Acts, which the colonists called the ______________ Acts.  9. In 1765 nine colonies sent delegates to a meeting in New York called the Stamp Act Congress. This was the first meeting organized by the colonists to protest King George’s actions.

Sec 2  10. Delegates from all colonies, except for _________, met in Philadelphia on Sept. 5, 1774 – this was called the First ________________ Congress. They agreed on an ___________ of British goods.  11. King George III was upset. Therefore, in April ____, British __________ clashed with colonial minuteman at _________ & _____________ in Massachusetts. The first battle of the Revolutionary War.

Sec 2  12. Within three weeks, delegates from all 13 colonies met in Philadelphia for the Second Continental Congress. John ____________ was chosen as president of the Congress. George _______________ was made commander of the new Continental Army.

Sec 2  13. Thomas _______ wrote _____________ Sense. This influenced many colonists on why they should break away from the British.  14. Thomas ___________ was the main author of the Declaration of Independence. It was finalized on July _, ________. John __________ was the first to sign the document. The document has three parts – statement of purpose, complaints against George III, & reasons to separate.

Sec 3 On word – fill in notes.

Sec 4  1. The Constitution Convention began its work in May ____.  2. James ________ is often called the Father of the Constitution.  3. The __________ Plan – 1) strong national legislature with two chambers 2) strong national executive to be chosen by the national legislature 3) a national judiciary to be appointed by the legislature

Sec 4  4. Delegates from the smaller states soon realized that the larger, more populated states would be in control of a strong national gov’t under the Virginia Plan.  5. The _____________ Plan called for gov’t based on keeping the major feature of the Articles of Confederation – a unicameral legislature, with one vote for each state.

Sec 4  6. The _____________ Compromise suggested 1) a House of Representatives, with state representation based on population. 2) a Senate, with two members from each state. 7. The ___________ Compromise said that enslaved people were to be counted for both tax purposes and for representation.

Sec 4  8. The word _______ does not appear in the Constitution. Many northern states were beginning to outlaw slavery. Delegates knew that the southern states would never accept the Constitution if it interfered with slavery. The refusal to deal with this issue would become a bad part of our American history.

Sec 4  9. Federalists favored the Constitution. Anti-Federalist opposed it.  10. Finally all states ratified the constitution. ______________ became the nation’s temporary capital. George Washington was elected president and John _______ vice president.  11. James ________ introduced a set of amendments during the first session of Congress. This would eventually become the ____________.