1. Origins of American Government Chapter 2

2. Origins of American Government Colonial Period 1.Self govt. 2.Seeking political & religious freedoms 3.Most from England 4.England = limited & representative govt.

3. Colonial Period Limited govt: a system in which the power of the govt. is limited, not absolute Magna Carta = protected against unjust punishment & the loss of life, liberty, & property except according to the law. Representative govt.: people elect delegates to make laws & run the govt.

4. In WI we have 8 representatives based on our 2010 census: District 1: Paul Ryan District 2: Mark Pocan District 3: Ron Kind District 4: Gwen Moore District 5: James Sensenbrenner District 6: Tom Petri District 7: Sean Duffy District 8: Reid Ribble

5. WI Districts

6. Origins of American Government John Lockes Two Treatises on Govt.: People contracted among themselves to form govt. to protect their natural rights. Locke argued that if a govt. failed to protect these natural rights, the people could change that govt.

7. Articles of Confederation The 13 states (colonies) wanted a league of friendship among the 13 independent states rather than a strong national govt. The Articles eventually needed to be revised to include: 1.Limited govt. 2.Representative govt. 3.Separation of powers

8. Separation of Powers

9. Need for Stronger Govt. Despite its achievements, the Confederation faced difficulties with problems facing the nation. States quarreled over boundary lines & taxes. The new nation faced serious money problems. The govt. could not maintain an army for defense of the states.

10. Constitutional Convention The Confederation Congress gave its consent to hold the Philadelphia convention for the sole & express purpose of revising the Articles of Confederations.

11. Constitutional Convention The Convention began by unanimously choosing George Washington to preside over the meetings. It also decided that each state would have one vote on all questions. While the delegates originally came together to revise the Articles, they eventually agreed to abandon the former govt. and begin again.

12. Constitutional Convention Decisions & Compromises

13. Connecticut Compromise (Virginia Plan vs. New Jersey Plan) Legislative Branch have 2 parts: House of Representatives based on a states population Larger states have the advantage Senate 2 members from each state Smaller states are protected

14. Three-Fifths Compromise (North vs. South) South wanted slaves counted for representation but not for levying taxes. The North took the opposite stand. 3/5 of the enslaved people were to be counted for both tax purposes & for representation.

15. Slavery The delegates knew the Southern states would never accept the Constitution if it interfered with slavery. The refusal to deal with slavery left it to later generations of Americans to resolve this terrible issue.

16. Ratifying the Constitution To become law, 9 of the 13 states had to agree. (Federalists vs. the Anti-Federalists) Federalists = favored Constitution Anti-Federalists = opposed Constitution because it lacked a Bill of Rights To gain the votes, the Federalists promised to add a Bill of Rights as the first order of business under the new govt.

17. Results of the Convention New York City nations temporary capital. George Washington was elected our first President. John Adams Vice President