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Origins of American Government

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Presentation on theme: "Origins of American Government"— Presentation transcript:

1 Origins of American Government
Government Chapter 2 Origins of American Government

2 Lesson 1: The Colonial Period
An English Political Heritage- most colonists from England Limited Government- Only the powers granted Magna Carta (1215), first written rights Petition of Right- Limiting the Kings Power English Bill of Rights- After the Glorious Revolution, William and Mary take the throne Limiting the Kings power

3 Section 1: The Colonial Period
13 Colonies governed by the British Virginia House of Burgesses- 1st legislature in the Colonies British protected against France French and Indian War

4 The Colonial Period Representative Government- Colonies adopt this idea for local government New Political Ideas- Locke, Voltaire, and Rousseau. Natural Rights, consent of governed.

5 Government in the Colonies
Each colony its own government and governor Democracy prevails- except women and slaves Written Constitutions Mayflower Compact General Fundamentals, Pilgrims Fundamental Orders of Connecticut- 1st Constitution

6 Government in the Colonies
Colonial Legislatures Representative bodies elected Separation of Powers Divided the powers of government Montesquieu’s The Spirit of Laws Training ground for those who will write the Constitution

7 Lesson 2: Uniting for Independence
The Colonies on Their own First 150 French and Indian Wars change this. George III takes over, tightens control Taxes raised to pay for the war Stamp Act- first direct tax Revenue increased, colonist upset, Boston Tea Party Intolerable Acts- Led to an Embargo Close Boston Harbor MA could not govern itself

8 Colonial Unity Albany Plan of Union, Franklin, rejected
Committees of Correspondence- urge resistance, Sam Adams led the way in MA 1st Continental Congress- 1774, Embargo established with England 2nd Continental Congress Served as the acting government Army and navy organized Issue money Washington in charge of troops

9 Independence Thomas Paine, Common Sense, influenced colonists.
Declaration of Independence Jefferson wrote most of it Key parts of the Declaration Locke’s ideas prominent 1st section- purpose and basic human Rights 2nd- Specific complaints 3rd- Determination for separation from England State Constitutions written

10 Lesson 3: The Articles of Confederation
No Executive or Judicial Branch No ability to tax Unicameral Legislature No Commerce power Interstate Commerce- Trade amongst States not controlled. Need for Stronger Government Shays’s Rebellion Annapolis Convention fails, 5 States show up

11 Lesson 4: The Constitutional Convention
55 attend Elite of the time Madison, Father of the Constitution Washington to preside Abandon the Articles Decisions and Compromises The Virginia Plan- Bicameral, based on population The New Jersey Plan- Equality in the Legislature Connecticut Compromise- Bicameral, House (population) and Senate (Equality

12 Decisions and Compromises
Three-Fifths Compromise Commerce Compromise No Tariffs on exports Control Interstate Commerce Slavery Question couldn’t touch, leave it to others Voting- let the States decide

13 Ratifying the Constitution
Federalists- Strong central government, support the Constitution Anti-Federalist Federalist Papers- argue for ratifying 9 of 13 needed Bill of Rights- limited government, rights of the people From the Magna Carta and English bill of Rights


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