BIOTIC FACTORS Výukový materiál EK Tvůrce: Ing. Marie Jiráková Tvůrce anglické verze: Mgr. Milan Smejkal Projekt: S anglickým jazykem do dalších předmětů Registrační číslo: CZ.1.07/1.1.36/ Tento projekt je spolufinancován ESF a SR ČR

BIOTIC FACTORS are made up of components of animate nature each individual in the environment is influenced by: individuals of the same species (populations) individuals of various species (communities)

POPULATION A set of individuals of the same species living in a certain place at a certain time

POPULATION CHARACTERISTICS density placement structure – composition growth

POPULATION DENSITY represents the number of individuals in a certain area (small organisms - large, large organisms - small)

PLACEMENT uniform – a planted forest random - trees in the park clustered – herds of herbivores

STRUCTURE - COMPOSITION is determined by: the ratio between the sexes the age structure of individuals the social structure - a hierarchy

GROWTH important is the correlation between the birth and death rates other factors are: migration emigration immigration

RELATIONS BETWEEN POPULATIONS competition predation parasitism symbiosis

COMMUNITY - BIOCENOSIS a set of individuals of different species of organisms living in a specific place at a certain time important are: interspecific relations stability autoregulation

FEATURES OF COMMUNITIES species diversity various arrangements changeability

WORKSHEET - REVISION Biotic factors are made up of components of ………….. nature. Each individual in the environment is influenced by ……and ………. Population is a set of individuals ………………….. Community is a set of …………………….……. Populations have these characteristics: …………, ……………, …………… and …………. Relations between populations are …….., …………….., ……………, …………….

SOURCES PAPÁČEK, Miroslav a kol. Zoologie. Praha: pedagogické nakladatelství, 2000, ISBN KVASNIČKOVÁ, Danuše. Základy ekologie. Praha: Scientia,spol.s r.o., 1994, ISBN