The Jerusalem Conference on Developing New Schools of Public Health, March 2002: Presentation at Open Society Institute Workshop on Population-Based Approaches to Graduate Level Public Health Education, Yerevan, June 25-27, 2003 TH Tulchinsky MD MPH, Braun School of Public Health, Jerusalem

With Thanks to Supporters/Participants in the Jerusalem Conference Open Society Institute MASHAV (Foreign Ministry) Ministry of Health Braun SPH Hebrew University Brookdale Institute ASPHER WHO

Participating Countries/SPHs Albania Bulgaria England Estonia Georgia Germany Hungary Al Quds, Jerusalem Kazakhstan Kenya Latvia Lithuania Moldova Romania Russia (OSI, MMA, Tver, St Pete, Chelyabinsk) Ukraine US Uzbekistan Wales

Published As: Tulchinsky TH, Epstein L, Norman C [eds]. Proceedings of the International Conference on Developing New Schools of Public Health. Public Health Reviews, 2003; 30, Write to: Keynote addresses OSI/ASPHER PEER review Mission and structure of SPHs Student expectations, selection, and assessment Curriculum Service and research roles Resources for a SPH Working Goups Background papers and resource material by Braun Faculty

What’s the Problem To understand and report on the scale of the health situation and to raise public and political awareness To interpret patterns of health and morbidity e.g smoking, alcohol with social dislocation To advise on what should be done, drawing on best available evidence of effectiveness of interventions from different settings To monitor the impact of new policies, adapting them for changing circumstances McKee M. Foreword. Proceedings of the International Conference on Developing New Schools of Public Health. Public Health Reviews, 2002;30.

Objectives Centers of excellence – training, research, service International standards Academic support Attractive to students and stakeholders Sustainability Acceptance of graduates and faculty Accountability and peer review

Keynotes Adany – PH challenges of 21 st century Epstein – Braun SPH Simmons – OSI/ASPHER PEER criteria Laaser – Mission and structure of SPHs Varavikova – Student expectations Normand – Student assessment Tulchinsky – Curriculum for MPH Zwanikken – Service role of SPHs Kalediene – Kaunas experience Normand – Working Groups

OSI/ASPHER PEER Review Criteria 1. Development and mission of SPH 2. External environment 3. Internal organization environment 4. Teaching staff 5. Students and graduates 6. Training programs 7. Teaching/learning facilities 8. Research 9. Institutional quality management

Triad of Roles of Schools of Public Health Training and education education ResearchResearch ServiceService

Structure and Stakeholders for SPHs School of Public Health School of Public Health Ministry of Health Ministry LocalgovernmentsLocalgovernments NGOsNGOs Other Academic institutionsOther institutions UniversityAcademyFacultyUniversityAcademyFaculty FundingAgenciesFundingAgencies FacultyFaculty StudentsStudents Other health institutions institutions OtherMinistriesOtherMinistries International Academic PartnersInternational Partners

Potential Contribution of Schools of Public Health  Train people (skills and competencies) to:  Analyze health system and PH problems  Develop evidence-based policies  Assist governments in adjustment process  Work with public and private sector  Research and develop tools to deal with new issues, e.g. globalization, communications technology, internet  Continuous education  Develop policy, programs, models and actions driven by national and community needs (e.g. poverty reduction, HIV Px)  Create a demand for a new professionalism in public health

Public Health Training and Education Undergraduate training Public health students Medical and nursing students Students of social sciences, biology, law etc. Students of public health management and administration Postgraduate training MPH students Students of management and administration in public health Public health residency training, e.g. occupational health Research training -MSc and PhD training Professional continuing education

SPH and MPH Graduates Interactions Professional Needs Training/Education Science of Learning experiences Advocacy and Interventions Information Presentation Management Legislation Resource allocation Analysis Prioritisation Strategy Implement Provision of service MPH Graduate Schools of Public Health Research & Technology development Technical cooperation Direct community action Source: Varavikova EA. Proceedings of International Conference Survival and Success

Graduates: Skills and Values Values Commitment Knowledge and positive attitude Ideology Flexibility Ability to take risk and make decisions Networking and team building Staying power

Professional Continuing Education Short-term training courses in Public health management and financing Environmental health Health promotion and education Epidemiology and research methods Health economics Health ethics and law Strategic planning and health targets

Role of Research in SPHs  Set standards of evidence from past and current international experience  Identify avoidable morbidity/mortality in individual and population health  Identify individual and societal risk factors  Explore ways to prevent disease and promote health  Find the ways of improving primary prevention and delivery of health services (efficiency, effectiveness, evidence-based)  Promote quality in management in health systems

Conducting Research in SPHs Publications in local and international peer reviewed scientific journals Develop culture of peer review and a self-critical attitude (Research Forum) for students and faculty Disseminate findings to those who can benefit If in national language, abstract in English invites comment and criticism from a wider audience If funding of a SPH is tied to teaching hours, need to provide incentives and time for active research to be valued and rewarded

Service in Public Health Participation in the legislative and policy process Support, advice, and counsel PH practitioners, governments, and the public at large Work at local, national, and international level on public health practice, policy, services and their development, Initiate debate and advocacy based on their scientific knowledge, judgement, and values Zwanikken PAC. Service role of schools of public health: In between research and education? Public Health Reviews;30: (Proceedings of the International Conference on Developing New Schools of Public Health)

Participation in International Public Health Networks and Collaboration International standards Training – local and abroad Research – bilateral, multi-lateral Exchange of students and teachers Continuity and support Academic – faculty development Professional organizations Graduates – alumni organizations

Conclusion of Jerusalem Conference A high sense of need for schools of public health in former Soviet countries and in developing countries Evolution from Social Hygiene to a “new public health” Requires time, resources, international support and adaptation from successful experience to local circumstances Requires post-graduate training and research centers of excellence with a high capacity for policy analysis The bottom line - high mortality and morbidity from preventable diseases cannot be addressed without training large numbers of public health professionals

Thank you! The Jerusalem conference helped participants to face the task in their own settings and to understand its dimensions