EU Research and Innovation Strategies: Lessons for Thailand and Emerging Economies EU Innovation Strategy Sascha Ruhland Fraunhofer ISI, Karlsruhe

EU Innovation Strategy Main goal of the European RTD policies is making Europe the most competitive and dynamic knowledge-based economy by 2010 as agreed in the Lisbon Strategy in March 2000 Two main strategies: Increasing European funds for RTD policies and strengthen their impact on R&D compared to national policies (e.g. Germany 95% national vs. 5% EU but up to 20% in some areas) Establishment of the ERA as the leading research area in the world ERA elements European initiatives and funding (research and R&D infrastructures) Coordination of national/regional policies/research/funding schemes etc. A European market without barriers for researchers, research, technology and knowledge

EU Innovation Strategy Policy initiatives in FP7: mobility strategy, researchers' career development, technology platforms, ERA- NET and additional horizontal approaches (e.g. life sciences, nanotechnology etc.) Lisbon Strategy renewed: national reform programmes and the green book on the ERA Main problems: Lack of coordination between research and the respective support measures (targeted by Technology Platforms and ERA-NET) Lack of coordination between regional/national policies (targeted by Open Method of Coordination) Lack of commitment of national governments in order to achieve the 3% targets (targeted by national reform programmes) European gap in commercialisation (targeted by planned strategies on patenting to achieve the European community patent)

EU Innovation Strategy support measures – the FP6 instruments and their purposes: Integrated Projects (IP) – aim at generating knowledge required to implement priority themes and generally include several components Specific Targeted Research Projects (STREP) – projects dealing with objective- driven research, usually limited in in scope and size Networks of Excellence (NoE) – aim at an integration of at European level by creating critical mass Coordination Actions – support and promotion coordination, cooperation and networking Specific Support Actions – no funding for R&D but support of contributions to the implementation of FP

EU Innovation Strategy Perception of EU intruments – evidence from Germany: IP – lack of clarity, budgets too fragmented, number of participants should not be a criterion for critical mass NoE – do not fulfil the expectations, scope and objectives have to be clearer STREP – very suitable

EU Innovation Strategy

Risks and chances: Centre vs. periphery, national / regional disparities (cohesion) Insufficient development of economic indicators in many countries, e.g. private and public demand, taxes etc. Demographic change New Member states with additional difficulties to achieve the Lisbon goals Trend to develop larger and more complex funding schemes could lead to problems in certain technology and knowledge areas (e.g. Biotech) Duplication of research / double R&D expenditures avoided Switching expenditures from subsidies (cohesion, agriculture) to RTD related expenditures Strengthening of self-organisation and incorporation of stakeholders (e.g. Technology platforms)

EU Innovation Strategy