A.M.TammaroNMPLIS Summer School, Tblisi, July 5th-15th, 2010 Digital collection Anna Maria Tammaro

A.M.TammaroNMPLIS Summer School, Tblisi, July 5th-15th, 2010 Digital collections  Virtually everything published in past 25 years in developed world was in machine readable form  At least at some stage of publication cycle Material published in past 20 years ~ 60% of items published since invention of printing press  In ~ 5 years will comprise 90%

A.M.TammaroNMPLIS Summer School, Tblisi, July 5th-15th, 2010 Acquisition Most notable change nature of library collections  Librarians less custodians of collections  Frequently establish and maintain gateways to information resources maintained by others at disparate, remote locations

A.M.TammaroNMPLIS Summer School, Tblisi, July 5th-15th, 2010 Print collection  Importance of physical collections has diminished and will continue to diminish  Vast collections of traditional printed &manuscript materials libraries have amassed over centuries will resist digitization for some time  However, will constitute ever-decreasing fraction of resources researchers & casual users will want to consult

A.M.TammaroNMPLIS Summer School, Tblisi, July 5th-15th, 2010 Information  The Internet has convincingly demonstrated – Value & importance of information – Power of electronic tools to locate & retrieve information

A.M.TammaroNMPLIS Summer School, Tblisi, July 5th-15th, 2010 Access  Access may be restricted to authorized users or fees may be required for access  But, in principle, users have access to a vast, collective array of information – Sources joined together by Internet  Consequently, digital libraries linked together as a virtual library – Unprecedented richness & scope

A.M.TammaroNMPLIS Summer School, Tblisi, July 5th-15th, 2010 POSDCRB –Planning –Organizing –Staffing –Directing –Coordinating –Reporting –Budgeting

A.M.TammaroNMPLIS Summer School, Tblisi, July 5th-15th, 2010 Negotiation  Generally NOT negotiate simple purchase of physical objects  Negotiate terms & conditions of access to resources owned & controlled by others Need to ensure immediate needs of users for access to information satisfied Also need to ensure that long term — e.g., archival needs of users protected

A.M.TammaroNMPLIS Summer School, Tblisi, July 5th-15th, 2010 Cooperative acquisitions  Many purchase & licensing agreements cooperative agreements involving multiple partners  Immediate interests & needs of digital libraries’ users balance against economic & service benefits of membership in consortia

A.M.TammaroNMPLIS Summer School, Tblisi, July 5th-15th, 2010 Bibliographic organisation  Acquisition & bibliographic organization intimately interconnected  Acquisition of new resources Locating sources on the Web and including references to them in library catalog or page on library’ s Web site Increasingly difficult to separate acquisition from cataloging & to separate both from reference Frequently new, useful resources discovered in course of answering reference question

A.M.TammaroNMPLIS Summer School, Tblisi, July 5th-15th, 2010 Importance of print collections  Vast quantities of materials already published in traditional formats still very important  But, overwhelming fraction of materials users wish to consult in machine-readable form very shortly

A.M.TammaroNMPLIS Summer School, Tblisi, July 5th-15th, 2010 Conversion of print collections  Material in traditional formats converted to digital format Facilitate access Facilitate conservation

A.M.TammaroNMPLIS Summer School, Tblisi, July 5th-15th, 2010 Change in collection development  Librarians will create, reorganize and renew digital libraries in response to changing needs of users  Collection development Separate that information useful to library’s users from vast array of cyberspace’s electronic rubbish Collection development bound up with other activities

A.M.TammaroNMPLIS Summer School, Tblisi, July 5th-15th, 2010 Digital library collection  DLib collections NOT created by physical acquisition of materials  DLib collection created by adding: Records for remote electronic source to library catalogs; Links to remote sources on Web pages; and Reference to remote sources in bookmark lists

A.M.TammaroNMPLIS Summer School, Tblisi, July 5th-15th, 2010 Control zone  Ross Atkinson  Items included in DLib’s catalog, Web page or bookmark list gain special status  Items rendered more accessible than rest of WWW

A.M.TammaroNMPLIS Summer School, Tblisi, July 5th-15th, 2010 Digital collection maintenance  Collection development & acquisition no longer simple, one-time efforts  Items once acquired require ongoing care & attention to ensure continuing validity of references & links to them  Probably future technical solution will ensure continuing integrity & validity of links  For immediate future professional, human attention will be needed

A.M.TammaroNMPLIS Summer School, Tblisi, July 5th-15th, 2010 Preservation  Preservation & conservation of DLib resources multiple, new dimensions  Problems further complicated by because libraries will NOT hold many—or most—of items in collections  Collections only references to physical resources held by others

A.M.TammaroNMPLIS Summer School, Tblisi, July 5th-15th, 2010 Authenticity and integrity  Encryption and digital signatures ensure authenticity & integrity  Techniques will continue to undergo changes & refinement  Librarians vested interest in efficacy of techniques used and will need to be conversant with developments in these technologies