Planning in practice: multiple, overlapping processes South Sudan Development Plan Establishment of OMT and SMT, work plans and TORs UN Post- Referendum Contingency and Preparedness Plan GoSS Core Functions RBB Mission Concept South Sudan Aid Strategy 100 Day Plan Establishment of UNCT, development of first UNCT work plan Revised UNDAF under austerity Core Functions Under Austerity Medium Term Capacity Development Strategy UNDAF (to support the SSDP) South Sudan Development Initiative (SSDI) UNDAF Review and Lessons Learned Peacebuilding Support Plan Peacebuilding Operational Plan New Deal Fragility Assessment sector specific planning CAP 2011 CAP 2012 South Sudan planning universe in (first 18 months of the country’s existence) South Sudan planning universe in (first 18 months of the country’s existence)

Planning Framework for Integrated UN Presences Strategic Assessment Recommendation to the SG and Recommendation to the Security Council Security Council Mandate Directive to S/ERSG, RC and HC Integrated Strategic Framework or Equivalent (e.g. UNDAF+) SRPMission ConceptUNDAF Humanitarian Programmes Mission CONOPS (military, police, support, etc…) Results-based budget Agencies, Funds and Programmes’ Country Project Documents Peace Consolidation National and International Planning Frameworks Span of Activities UN-wide Strategic Planning (for peace consolid ation) Entity- Specific and Operational Planning

IAP Policy History Agenda for Peace…Agenda for Reform (1990s) : integration within the Secretariat Brahimi report (2000) : integration between missions and UNCTs SG’s Note of Guidance (2000, 2006): structural integration in the mission via appointment of SRSG – DSRSG/RC/HC IMPP Guidelines (2006, 2010) : Mission planning processes and mechanisms in the HQ and the field SG Decision on Integration (2008): scope of integration and the requirement for an Integrated Strategic Framework (ISF) IAP Policy (2013) : minimum and mandatory requirements for UN-wide planning

IAP Policy (2013): what’s new?  New Integrated Planning and Assessment Policy adopted in April 2013 (replaces the IMPP guidelines); accompanying Handbook  Simpler and more flexible approach to requirements  UN wide strategic planning (not mission planning)  Mandatory minimum requirements = more flexibility  Stronger emphasis on joint analysis and assessment  Stronger links to national and international planning processes

IAP core principles  Inclusivity  Form follows function  Flexibility  National ownership  Recognition of mandates, comparative advantages, and understanding of risks and benefits

Integration: Principle, Scope and Purpose When and where an integrated UN presence is in place or is being considered To maximize individual and collective impact of peace consolidation interventions throughout the lifecycle of the integrated UN presence Principle, regardless of structures

IAP minimum requirements: 1  Integrated Strategic assessments Joint analysis of situation as the basis for individual and collective planning Shared analysis linked to solid strategic options

IAP minimum requirements: 2  Common vision, priorities, and responsibilities A process and two documents HQ: Directive from the SG to senior leadership on the ground, and field: integrated strategic framework (flexible form)

IAP minimum requirements: 3  Integrated mechanisms Light but effective and senior leadership owned HQ:Integrated Task Forces Field:senior leadership forum (mission and UNCT) joint analytical and planning capacity

IAP minimum requirements: 4  Integrated monitoring and reporting Decision making and mutual accountability

Integration in Key Mandated Areas  Elections : integrated support by missions and UNDP; DPA/EAD role  Global Focal Point for Police, Justice and Corrections (DPKO, UNDP); joint assessments and programming  Protection of Civilians (protection strategies and coordination mechanisms)  Integrated human rights components  Child protection and gender (mission components and UNICEF/UN Women)

Diversity in the UN planning universe  Substance  Responsibility/accountability lines  Time span  Funding sources

Mission planning architecture Component- level planning Mission Concept RBB Police ConOps Support Concept Component Plans ( including Political, ROLSI, Civ. Affairs, Electoral, etc.) Military ConOps ‘s Mandate from the Security Council General Assembly Other concepts needed?

Humanitarian planning: core principles accountabilities and deliverables Parameters Humanitarian principles Inclusive coordination and planning beyond the UN Accountability to affected people Shorter timeframe (1 year) Exit and early recovery

One Programme UNDAF CPD … CPAP … AWP … (or) UNDAF Action Plan Agency Report … UNDAF at the Outcome level (outputs optional) + integration of legal stipulations previously in CPAP/UNDAF Action Plans Joint Workplans (incl. outputs) Agency specific progr. Doc (e.g.CPD) + Joint Workplans (incl. outputs) Joint Workplans (incl. outputs) Joint Workplans (incl. outputs) Joint Workplans (incl. outputs) One UN Country Results Report annually One Programme Results group

Systemic Constraints  Different mandates and accountability lines to Security Council, General Assembly, agency boards  Planning cycles not aligned and different funding sources (assessed contributions vs. regular budget vs. voluntary funding; )  Lack of integration and coherence within governments  Secretariat vs. agency rules and regulations, especially on support issues  Even structural integration (triple hats) does not fully address the issue of accountability and coherence  Different institutional cultures across peacekeeping/political, development and humanitarian parts of the system

UN Integration and Humanitarian Action  No instrumentalization of humanitarian aid for political purposes  UN humanitarian coordination mandate goes beyond the UN system; position of non-UN humanitarian partners  UN integration can have both positive and negative impact; experience with mitigating negative impact  Risks particularly high in active armed conflict situations  Most humanitarian interventions outside the scope of integration/peace consolidation but UN humanitarian actors committed to policy and participate in integration mechanisms  Grey line between humanitarian and development (e.g. early recovery and resilience building); dual mandates  Importance of inclusive integration mechanisms and integrated assessments and planning

Development Perspective  Key role of development agencies in supporting peace consolidation  Advantages of consolidating management structure and reporting lines (DSRSG/RC/RR) to maximize individual and collective impact of UN missions and development agencies  Development programs and strategies (e.g. UNDAF) based on national (government) ownership  Mission mandates and strategies need to take into account UN development work already on-going in host countries; development actors should also adjust to new priorities  Development funding not aligned with Security Council priorities; ODA definition limits funding options

Transitions UN Transition Policy in context of mission drawdown and withdrawal Signed by SG in Feb UN-wide document  basis for integrated planning and management of transitions Clarifies roles and responsibilities Outlines key transition principles Early and flexible planning UN integration National ownership National capacity development Communication

Transitions Transition processes in several missions: UNMIL: military drawdown MINUSTAH: consolidation plan MONUSCO, ONUCI, UNAMID: gradual handover processes UNOPSIL and BNUB: completed

Current Trends in policy development  Review of peace operations  New policy on peacekeeping mission planning (DPKO/DFS)  Financing arrangements to support integration  Human Rights Up Front  Planning with regional organizations (in particular, the African Union)  Deployment alongside non-UN forces (Afghanistan, Somalia, Mali, CAR)  Benchmarks  Transitions  Strategic assessments  Comparative advantage analysis, including as part of “transfer of tasks”  Links to broader international plans (e.g. New Deal compacts)  Robust mandates (DRC); UN peacekeeping in environments with extremist threats (Mali)