NATIONAL ANIMAL IDENTIFICATION SYSTEM (NAIS) 1.Why is identification important? 2.Why is speed and accuracy crucial? 3.What is current status? 4.What is being done to improve? 5.How is technology being used? 6.What are some challenges?

My actions matter “BESSIE”

A Simulated Outbreak in U.S. Begins on farm in northwest Iowa near South Dakota border. Eleven days between exposure and diagnosis.

BESSIE HAS FOOT-AND-MOUTH DISEASE (FMD)

Simulated Outbreak (continued) Intensive epidemiological investigation of farm animals and wildlife. Restricted zone (6.2 miles around the infected or presumed affected facilities).

Day 1 Total = 13

Simulated Outbreak (continued) Appraisal, depopulation, disposal of livestock. Decontamination of affected farms. Law enforcement limits livestock and human movement. Surveillance zone comprising entire state and those nearby; modified pending surveillance. Inspection visits within a four-state quarantine zone.

Quarantined States

Day 5 Detected Cases

Total = 3091 Day 25

Day 35

Day 60 Total = 5844

The Impact: 5,844 affected farms, with an average of 200 animals on each farm, within 60 days of initial detection $350 to appraise each farm ($2.04 million) $5.50 to euthanize each animal ($6.43 million) $325 in indemnity payments to farmers for each animal destroyed ($ million)

Impact (continued) $15 to dispose of each animal ($17.53 million) $8,000 to clean and disinfect each farm ($46.75 million) $3,200 further surveillance cost for each affected location ($18.71 million) Total direct cost: $ million Doesn’t include likely export losses.

Expectations With rapid response and immediate implementation, this scenario could have been brought under control much sooner, saving millions of dollars in response and recovery costs.

A simulated outbreak in U.S. Begins on farm in northwest Iowa near South Dakota border. Eleven days between exposure and diagnosis.

Challenges in Tracking Animals Animals transported great distances. Large number of movements (auction markets, video markets, private treaty, etc.). Interstate movements. Lack of unique idenification.

BESSIE THE TRAVELING COW And she travels incognito

Cattle Movement from one Nebraska Auction Market 56 sites 18 counties

What is Current Traceability Capability? Animal Health Officials must manually search through: →auction market paperwork →brand records →state health papers →interview producers Results are often inconclusive

What is Current Traceability Capability? The BSE cow in Washington (December 2003) was 1 of 81 imported: only 29 were ever identified. Texas – BSE, June 2005 – of 200 animals associated with index farm: 66 were never accounted for Your Animals. Your Livelihood. Your Future.

What is Current Traceability Capability? AL – BSE, March, 2006: No tag No tattoo No brand Red cow, 750 – 1,150 lbs., 8-12 years old Attempted DNA analysis from 37 different potential source herds – animal never identified Your Animals. Your Livelihood. Your Future.

What are we doing?

 Premises Registration and NAIS don’t change anything about the response to disease (still investigated, animals tested, etc.) EXCEPT it speeds up the response.  Increased speed allows producers to get back to normal quicker and reduces the spread/impact of a disease. How do we improve traceability?

PREMISES REGISTRATION PROVIDES A KNOWN REFERENCE OR INDEX POINT FOR ANIMAL IDENTIFICATION 30,841 premises in Nebraska 17,156 are registered as of November 9, % of premises are registered 6,623 new registrations since January % growth in registered premises

ANIMAL IDENTIFICATION Unique (tag number) Standard Format (searchable) 15 DIGIT 840 TAG Origin known (premises registered) 003DRN7 Interim Reading Sites (salebarns, feedyards etc) Retirement of Tag (slaughter, rendering etc)

MULTIPLE IDENTIFICATION SYSTEMS DIFFERENT PRIMARY USES AGE AND SOURCE VERIFICATION HERD MANAGEMENT DISEASE PROGRAMS

HARMONIZE ID PROGRAMS Promote 840 RFID tag as standard Working with Agriculture Marketing Services to promote use of 840 in Age/Source and other programs

OFFICIAL CALFHOOD VACCINATION PROJECT Over 30,000 special orange 840 RFID tags distributed 15 fee basis veterinarians participating

GOOD THINGS! First herds vaccinated and tag movements recorded. Interest by veterinarians to promote 840 RFID tags. Mobile Information Management (MIM)-PDA demo pilot program.

ADDITIONAL PROJECT DEMONSTRATION ACTIVITIES MIM – PDA – Will read Management tags – Will read other official ID – Populate and print required forms

NAIS DEMONSTRATION PURPOSE FOR MIM – PDA Demonstrate benefits of 840 RFID to: – Producer – Practitioner – Markets – Buyers – Age and Source Verification Services

TRACKING BESSIE Apply an 840 RFID tag Record the application location Record the tag location as it changes Display History of the 840 RFID tag when an event triggers the need to know Retire 840 RFID tag

BLUETOOTH

PANEL READERS ANOTHER OPTION TO READ RFID TAGS DURING WORK PROCESSES

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A simulated outbreak in U.S. Begins on farm in northwest Iowa near South Dakota border. Eleven days between exposure and diagnosis.

THE RIGHT ACCESSORIES ARE ESSENTIAL