1. Importance of Agriculture

2. HSEMD, IDALS, CFSPH Animal Disease Emergency Local Response Preparedness, 2008

3. HSEMD, IDALS, CFSPH Animal Disease Emergency Local Response Preparedness, 2008 Importance of Agriculture 2004: agriculture and related industries – 1 trillion dollars to GDP annually – Employs more than 15% or workforce $56.2 billion in total agricultural exports, 2003 Heavily tied to other industries and sectors

4. HSEMD, IDALS, CFSPH Animal Disease Emergency Local Response Preparedness, 2008 Value of Agricultural Products U.S.Iowa AnimalNumberValueNumberValue Cattle~95 million ~$70.5 billion ~4 million ~$2.5 billion Pigs~61 million ~$4.5 billion ~17 million ~$4 billion Poultry (layers) 338 million ~$1 billion ~55 million $407 million (eggs) Sheep6 million~$600 million 235,000~$33 million

5. HSEMD, IDALS, CFSPH Animal Disease Emergency Local Response Preparedness, 2008

6. HSEMD, IDALS, CFSPH Animal Disease Emergency Local Response Preparedness, 2008 Iowa Agriculture, 2006 Farms88,600 #1Pork, eggs, corn, soybeans #2 Red meat production $6.5 billion pounds National exports $4 billion #3 Total cash receipts $14.8 billion

7. HSEMD, IDALS, CFSPH Animal Disease Emergency Local Response Preparedness, 2008 Impact of Animal Disease Animal Health – Death, illness, loss of production Economics – Loss or disruption of trade – Loss of consumer confidence – Movement restrictions Human Health – Zoonoses – Mental health

8. HSEMD, IDALS, CFSPH Animal Disease Emergency Local Response Preparedness, 2008 Impact: Animals Direct Losses – Death and illness of animals – Decrease or loss of production Indirect Losses – Diagnostics, surveillance – Movement restrictions Road closures, quarantine Losses with outbreak – Depopulation and disposal – Cleaning and disinfection – Indemnity

9. HSEMD, IDALS, CFSPH Animal Disease Emergency Local Response Preparedness, 2008 Impact: Economics Loss or disruption of trade – U.S. exports $70.9 billion in ag commodities (2006) – Food and fiber is ~ 16% of the Gross Domestic Product Impact on other industries and sectors – 24 million Americans involved with some aspect of agriculture – Restaurants, food suppliers, grain producers

10. HSEMD, IDALS, CFSPH Animal Disease Emergency Local Response Preparedness, 2008 Impact: Humans Human Health – Zoonotic Diseases Diseases of animals transmissible to humans Human illness causing workforce disruptions – Psycho-social concerns Loss of livelihood, depopulation of animals Food supply and safety – Consumers alter buying habits – Food shortages unlikely Temporarily unavailable due to movement restrictions

11. HSEMD, IDALS, CFSPH Animal Disease Emergency Local Response Preparedness, 2008 Disease Outbreaks

12. HSEMD, IDALS, CFSPH Animal Disease Emergency Local Response Preparedness, 2008 Vulnerabilities High density husbandry Mixing at auction markets or transport by vehicles – Over 5 million cattle each year Poor traceability of animals No immunity to foreign animal diseases Centralized feed supply and distribution

13. HSEMD, IDALS, CFSPH Animal Disease Emergency Local Response Preparedness, 2008 Vulnerabilities Diseases are widespread in other countries Expanded international trade and travel Border penetration: people, wild birds, mammals Inadequate on-farm biosecurity Inadequate foreign animal disease awareness

14. HSEMD, IDALS, CFSPH Animal Disease Emergency Local Response Preparedness, 2008 Acknowledgments Development of this presentation was funded by a grant from the Iowa Homeland Security and Emergency Management and the Iowa Department of Agriculture and Land Stewardship to the Center for Food Security and Public Health at Iowa State University. Contributing Authors: Glenda Dvorak, DVM, MPH, DACVPM; Danelle Bickett- Weddle, DVM, MPH, DACVPM; Gayle Brown, DVM, PhD