Special Needs Children Ella Vardeman 4 th period

Individual with Disabilities Education Act  Also know as IDEA  Enacted in 1975  Used to make sure that children with disabilities have access to free public education with accommodations for their disability

Who does IDEA include? Anyone with a disability within the ages 3-21.

Different Disabilities

Autism  There are many different types of autism that vary in degree  Autism is characterized by difficulties in social interaction, communication, and behavior  It is present from a very young age and is common (1/88 American children have some form of autism)

Deaf Blindness  Deaf blindness is condition that effects hearing and sight  It causes little to no vision and little to no useful hearing  It can cause severe communication and developmental problems  Sign-language, hearing aids, and new technology (such as Tellatouch) allow people with this disability to communicate

Emotional Disturbance  People with emotional disturbance usually have behavioral problems  IDEA defines it as:  "a condition exhibiting one or more of the following characteristics over a long period of time and to a marked degree, which adversely affects educational performance: An inability to learn which cannot be explained by intellectual, sensory, or health factors. An inability to build or maintain satisfactory interpersonal relationships with peers and teachers. Inappropriate types of behavior or feelings under normal circumstances. A general pervasive mood of unhappiness or depression. A tendency to develop physical symptoms or fears associated with personal or school problems."  In other words, emotional disturbance is a mental disorder that affects learning, relationships, communication and behavior. It usually causes depression and fear within those who have this disorder.

Hearing Impairment  Hearing impairments cause loss of hearing  There are two types of hearing impairments:  Conductive  Problem with the outer and middle ear and it is usually treatable  Sensorineural  Problem with the inner ear and usually permanently damages hearing  Deafness is a type of hearing impairment when you completely lose the ability to hear  Hearing aids can be used to treat this disorder

Intellectual Disability  Intellectual Disability is a broad label that defines various intellectual disorders that range in degree  Mental retardation, specific learning disabilities (such as dyslexia and dyspraxia), acquired brain injuries, and neurodegenerative disease (loss of structure or function of neurons) all fit under the intellectual disability category  Special learning techniques and accommodations can help people with these abilities

Multiple Disabilities  Anyone with more than one disability  People with multiple disabilities may show a variety of characteristics  Because of this, it makes their individual disabilities harder to diagnose

Orthopedic Impairments  Orthopedic impairments affect people with physical impairments  Things such as poliomyelitis, bone tuberculosis, cerebral palsy, amputations, and fractures or contractures from burns would be considered orthopedic impairments  Various physical accommodations and technology can be used to help people overcome their disabilities

Other health impairments  Basically, anything that doesn’t fit into the other categories that is a health condition or disorder  Epilepsy, ADD, AD/HD, asthma, and diabetes all fall into this category  Special medications and learning accommodations can be made to treat and help people with these disorders

Specific Learning Disability  Any disorder affecting one or more of the following:  Understanding and using language, ability to think, read, learn, write or communicate, basic math skills, and brain disfunction

Speech or Language Impairment  Any disability relating to communication and language  Things such as: stuttering, not being able to pronounce certain sounds, not understanding or not being able to communicate properly are speech and language impairments  Speech therapy can be used to help with these disorders

Traumatic Brain Injury  Any mental disability relating to an injury of the head or brain that permanently affects an individual

Visual Impairment; including blindness  Any type of impairment relating to vision problems  Blindness is the complete loss of vision in the eyes