AVIATION HISTORY Helicopters

Introduction  Helicopter is an aircraft than can take- off and land vertically.  Nowadays, they became one of the most versatile and vital vehicles in the world. Early helicopters First flown in 1936

Cockpit Rotor Blades Tail Rotor Landing Skids

Basic Helicopter  Rotor Blades  Long, flat blades that spin & give a helicopter lift & thrust.  It determine the helicopter direction.  Tail Rotor  A small rotor at the back.  Generate balance force to help helicopter fly stably.  It also used to change the helicopter’s direction.

Basic Helicopter  Engines  Used to power the helicopter.  Cockpit  The area where the pilot sits and control the helicopter.  Cabin  The area where passengers or other things are carried.  Landing Skids  Long metal feet for helicopters stand on when they are on the ground.

How does Helicopter Flies?

How helicopter flies?  The helicopter engines will provide the energy/power to turn the main rotor blades.  The rotor blades have an airfoil shape, so as the rotors turn, air flows more quickly over the tops of the blades than the below.  Thus, the pressure of the slower moving air flowing under the blade is greater than the faster moving air above it.  This difference in pressure pushes the blades up and gives the helicopter the lift it needs to fly. When Lift force is greater than helicopter’s weight, it will fly up vertically.  However, when the rotor blades turns, it also make the helicopter’s body tend to spin also.  So, the tail rotor at the back is used to give balance force in order to prevent the helicopter’s body to spin.

Basic Helicopter

The Uses of Helicopter ConstructionCommercial Firefighting Search & Rescue Military Bell 205 dropping water on fire Sikorsky S-64 Skycrane lifting a mock-up house WAH-64 ApacheWAH-64 Apache attack helicopter

The Uses of Helicopter Commercial Helicopters  Mainly used for transport. Construction Helicopters  Helicopter that are used in construction to carry loads are called skycranes.  The heavy loads carried by skycranes are connected to long cables.  Are also used to place heavy equipment on the tops of tall buildings.

The Uses of Helicopter Search and Rescue Helicopters  Used for emergency medical assistance when an ambulance cannot easily or quickly reach the scene. Firefighting Helicopters  Used to combat fires.  These helicopters are often called Helitacks.  Helitacks carry water to perform water bombing onto the fire.

The Uses of Helicopter Military Helicopters  Are used mainly for attack and for transport.  Attack helicopters are equipped with missile or miniguns which are used to attack ground targets.  Transport helicopters are used to carry troops and supplies when transport via typical military cargo is not possible.

What are the advantages of the helicopter compare to airplane

Bell UH-1 Iroquois (Huey)- The most famous helicopter in the world with several unique characteristics Serve as medical evacuation, instrument trainer andmedical evacuation general utility aircraft

Advantages of Helicopter  Can hover (can remain in one place in the air)  Can fly backwards (reverse)  Can rotate in the air (360 degrees)  The capability to efficiently hover for extended periods of time, reverse and rotate allows a helicopter to accomplish tasks that airplane cannot perform.

Advantages of Helicopter

 Flexible (doesn’t require runway)  As helicopter do not need runway for take-off and landing, it can fly almost anywhere.  Can deliver huge loads to areas that no other vehicle can reach. For example congested or isolated areas and deep jungle.  Versatile (able to perform many functions)  Helicopter functions include transportation, construction, fight fires, search and rescue, military uses and also can rescue people trapped in burning buildings.