Chapter 8: Photosynthesis 1. Describe the roll of ATP in cellular activities 2. Explain where plants get the energy they need to produce food. 3. Explain the roll of light and pigments in photosynthesis 4. State the overall equation for photosynthesis 5. Describe light and dark reactions

A. Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP) The ability to do work: __________ Almost all life on earth gets energy from ________ Cells use and store energy two ways: 1. Long term storage: __________________ 2. Short term use: _____ 3. ATP is not a good way to ________ energy; cells make just enough to ____. ENERGY THE SUN FATS AND SUGARS ATP STORE USE

A. Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP) ATP is made from ______. One main food of plants and animals is _________ Adenine Ribose 3 phosphate groups Photosynthesis is the process of using the sun’s energy to produce __________ FOOD GLUCOSE

B. How organisms get their food. ____________ - Organisms that can make their own food, usually from sunlight AUTOTROPHS ______________ - Organisms that can not make their own food, usually ingest it. HETEROTROPHS - Green plants - Animals, fungus, protozoans Auto – Hetero – Troph - Self Other or different nourishment

C. Leaf Anatomy Cuticle Epidermis Mesophyll Cells Vein Photosynthesis here Stoma O 2, CO 2 exchanged here

D. The Chloroplast ______________ Organelle site of photosynthesis reactions in plant cells. CHLOROPLAST ____________ pigment in plants that captures the sunlight and helps turn it into chemical energy. CHLOROPHYLL

D. The Chloroplast __________ Structure in chloroplast for photosynthesis __________ Stack of thylakoids (grana plural) THYLAKOID GRANUM

D. Photosynthesis Chlorophyll absorbs _____ and ______ light Reflects ______ light REDBLUE GREEN Photosynthesis has two stages: 1.Light Reactions - Absorbs the energy from sunlight to drive stage two. - Uses water and gives off oxygen 2. Calvin Cycle (dark reactions = light independent) -Uses CO 2 to make carbohydrates, the food used by plants

D. Photosynthesis CO 2 + H 2 O  C 6 H 12 O 6 + O 2 Used in Calvin Cycle Used in Light Reactions Made in Calvin Cycle Made in Light Reactions CO 2 = ________________ H 2 O = ______________ C 6 H 12 O 6 = ________________________ O 2 = _______________ CARBON DIOXIDE WATER CARBOHYDRATES (GLUCOSE) OXYGEN

D. Photosynthesis