1 Yellowish skin coloration which is many times caused by liver disease “Bili” lights are used to treat this condition in newborns. Jaundice

2 Bluish skin color due to low oxygenation of the blood. Cyanosis

3 Sweat glands that are active throughout life. Respond to elevated body temperature, release sweat onto the surface of the skin through a pore. Eccrine glands

4 Sweat glands that become active at puberty. Produce moisture when a person is upset, frightened, in pain or sexually aroused. Duct opens into a hair follicle. Apocrine gland

5 Projection of dermal blood vessels at the base of a hair follicle that supplies nourishment. Hair papilla

6 This layer consists of adipose tissue and loose, areolar C.T. Major blood vessels that supply the skin are located here. Subcutaneous layer

7 These are formed by ridges in the dermis. They are determined by genetics, but are also influenced by fetal movement in the womb, so that even identical twins each have a unique set of these. Fingerprints

8 This epidermal layer is only present in the thicker skin on the palms of the hands and soles of the feet. Stratum lucidum

9 This is the deepest layer of the epidermis. Cells in this layer frequently undergo mitosis, producing new cells to compensate for those lost by desquamation, (sloughing). Stratum basale

10 This is the outermost layer of the epidermis. It is composed of layers of dead, flattened keratinocytes, and provides a tough, waterproof barrier for the skin. Stratum corneum

11 Smooth muscle attached to the base of each hair follicle. Contracts when the body chills, producing “goose bumps.” Arrector pili muscle

12 This can develop when a person or animal lies in one position for a long period, so that pressure on prominent body parts restricts blood flow to the tissue, causing tissue necrosis (death). Methods used to prevent formation of this include: frequently changing body position, massaging the skin, adequate fluid intake and eating foods rich in protein. Decubitus ulcer

13 Acne is caused by a disorder of this gland. Gland associated with each hair follicle; it secretes sebum Sebaceous gland

14 The 4 cardinal signs of this are: redness, swelling, heat and pain. The body’s normal response to an injury or stress. Inflammation

15 The body’s normal response to this is goose bumps, vasoconstriction of the dermal blood vessels and shivering. Hypothermia

16 The body’s normal response to this is vasodilation of the dermal blood vessels and sweating. Hyperthermia

17 When phagocytes eat an infectious agent, they release this chemical which causes the hypothalamus to raise the set point for body temperature, resulting in a fever. Interleukin 1

18 Type of burn that only involves the epidermis. Superficial, partial-thickness burn. Heals in a few days to 2 weeks, with no scarring. First degree burn

19 Type of burn that involves the epidermis and partial dermis; Blisters form; accessory structures are spared. Deep, partial thickness burn. Can heal with no scarring and maintain function of the skin. Second degree burn.

20 Type of burn that involves the epidermis and full dermis. Accessory structures are destroyed. Heals with scarring and loss of functional skin, (can’t sweat, form goose bumps, no hair). Deep, full thickness burn. Many times requires a skin graft. Third degree burn

21 This consists of the skin, and its accessory structures, which are hair follicles, nails and glands. Integumentary system

22 Production of this chemical is influenced by both genetics and exposure to UV radiation; UV radiation also causes it to darken. Melanin

23 Small, conical projections of dermis that increase surface area contact with the epidermis; helps ensure enough nutrients and oxygen can diffuse to the epidermis from the dermis. Dermal papillae

24 The deeper, thicker layer of skin which is composed of dense, irregular connective tissue and contains smooth muscle and nerve cell processes. Dermis

25 Thinning hair, thinning epidermis, decreased sensory receptors, decrease in collagen and elastin fibers, decrease gland secretions, decrease in subcutaneous fat – these are the affects of ____ Aging

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