Similarities in certain species suggest a common ancestor (cell wall, chlorophyll) Origin of Plants Modern green algae Fern

Does not have specialized tissue to move water & nutrients Small plants, depend on diffusion Nonvascular Plants (bryophytes) hornwort liverwort moss

Don’t have true stems, roots, or leaves – Do have structures that carry out activities Mosses – “mat” of tiny green plants – Rhizoid root-like structure that holds nonvascular plants in place Helps plant get water and nutrients Nonvascular (seedless) Plants

Moss Life Cycle

Liverworts & Hornworts – Similar to life cycle of mosses – Liverworts Gametophytes are leafy & moss-like OR broad and flattened – Hornworts Gametophytes are broad and flattened Nonvascular (seedless) Plants

First plants to live in new environment Decompose to form thin soil layer for other plants Provide soil stability (reduce erosion) Food chain Material for nesting Dried and burned Potting soils Importance of Nonvascular Plants

Has tissue to deliver water & nutrients around plant Similar to circulatory system in humans Plants can be any size Vascular Plants

Vascular plants have tissues that move water & nutrients throughout plant – Seedless – Nonflowering Seed Plants Gymnosperms – Seeds not enclosed by ovary or fruit – Flowering Seed Plants Angiosperms – Seed within fruit of plant Types of Vascular Plants

Seedless Vascular Plants Fern Horsetail Club Moss

Ferns – Fronds-tightly coiled fern leaves (fiddleheads) – Rhizome-underground stem from which new leaves and roots grow Horsetails & Club Mosses Seedless Vascular Plants

Life Cycle of Fern (vascular seedless)

Environment – Help form soil – Prevent erosion Fossil Fuels – Coal Dietary supplements Skin Care products Shampoo Importance of Seedless Vascular Plants