1. Seedless Plants
Chapter 9 Section 2

2. Nonvascular Plants
Very small plants that have rhizoids rather than ROOTS.

4. Nonvascular plants
Water is absorbed and distributed directly through cell membranes and CELL WALLS.
Grow in DAMP environments
Reproduce by SPORES rather than seeds

5. Examples
Mosses – green, leaflike growths arranged around a central stalk
Liverworts – flattened, leaflike bodies
Hornworts – have only one choloroplast in each of their cells

6. Mosses

7. Liverworts

8. Hornworts

9. Nonvascular Plants
Frequently pioneer species – organisms that are the first to grow in new or disturbed areas and which change ENVIRONMENT conditions

10. Seedless Vascular Plants
Reproduce by spores, but have VASCULAR tissue that carries water and nutrients throughout the plants

11. Seedless Vascular Plants
Can grow BIGGER and THICKER than nonvascular plants
FERNS – largest group of seedless vascular plants

12. Ferns Have stems, leaves, and ROOTS LEAVES are called fronds
Reproduce by SPORES found on the back of their fronds

14. Club Mosses
Needlike leaves

15. Horsetails
Jointed stem with a HOLLOW center

16. Importance of seedless plants
Fuel – decaying seedless plants are compressed into peat and eventually COAL.
Soil conditioners
FERNS can be used for weaving material and basketry