 Churchill disagrees with appeasement policy, speaks against it. (use of force is the only thing that will stop Hitler)  Appeasement- means giving in to someone provided their demands are seen as reasonable. Both Britain and France began to see that the Treaty of Versailles placed unfair restrictions on Germany. In order to prevent a War, Britain and France use appeasement in an attempt to satisfy German demands becomes Prime Minister; Chamberlin steps down. Without Churchill Britain falls to Hitler or Makes peace with Hitler. Churchill gets America involved. (Lend Lease, Atlantic Charter)

 Elected for a third term,  New Deal › Government spending 1. Helped to build Naval ships 2. Helped to build Weapons of War  Not an isolationist, had to combat isolationism.

 Neutrality Acts of › imposed a general embargo on trading in arms and war materials with all parties in a war › renewed the provisions of the 1935 act for another 14 months › included the provisions of the earlier acts, this time without expiration date, and extended them to cover civil wars as well › allowing for arms trade with belligerent nations on a cash and carry basis, in effect ending the arms embargo. Ultimately, the Neutrality Acts of 1935 and 1937 were repealed › End of Neutrality- The end of neutrality policy came with the Lend-Lease Act

 Lend Lease Deal introduced in Congress  Becomes law March 11, 1941  Extended to the Soviet Union, August 1941 › Importance Lend-Lease allowed the United States to sell or trade weapons with Nations that were at War against Germany. Without this, Allied victory would not have been possible.

 FDR and Winston Churchill sign the Atlantic Charter › America and Great Britain issued a statement of joint war goals › Establishing America’s involvement in the War › Undeclared War against the Germans in the Atlantic

 Brought FDR and Churchill together for the first time. (Discussed the issues of German force)  Freedom of the Seas (important for trade)  All nations should be free to choose their form of government without coercion from other nations. (Including coercion from Great Britain)  Monumental, America was neutral

 FDR orders shoot-on-sight policy against German and Italian U-Boats.  Germans fired on American ships in WWI because they thought they had munitions on them.  FDR did not want to wait for American ships to be sunk.

 Was able to get congress to pass peace time draft policy. (Helped build an army, in response to Hitler’s invasion and capturing of France)  18 th largest army in the world as of the fall of France, May 10, 1940 (Dutch and Swiss army larger than ours)

 War in China (Japan wanted their own India) › Expansionism.  Autarky-the condition of self-sufficiency, especially economic, as applied to a nation. a national policy of economic independence. › Did not benefit America  Demand for oil (Navy and Army needed oil to pursue expansionism)

 Find other sources (US dominated the worlds oil production. Accounting for 63% of the worlds oil in 1941)  US provided 80 percent of Japan’s oil › Embargo cut off Japan to American oil › Could not sustain their war effort in China › Japan saw a military strike on the US as the only option  Dutch East Indies (major oil producing area, Dutch colony)  Japanese wanted to seize it and eventually was forced to.

 US only power that could stop Japanese expansion › Strong Navy › Only Country not involved in a War  FDR moved Naval Fleet from San Diego to Pearl Harbor. › Japanese saw this as an American positioning to prevent their expansion

 December 7, 1941 › Japanese launched a surprise attack on Pearl Harbor.  Ended Isolationist debate, completely.  Unified America, Never as unified as we were for this war. (War time effort ended the Great Depression) 

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