Mr. E’s Thursday, March. 11, 2010 Louisiana History Class N o LaGumbo s h e e t n e e d e d

March 11, 1861 ~ In Montgomery, Alabama, delegates from S.C., MS., FL., AL, GA, LA, and TX adopt the constitution of the Confederacy creating a separate nation with its own federal government and president, which guaranteed slavery. 74. Describe the changes in Louisiana’s government following the end of the Civil War. Today’s objective: The reconstructing of Louisiana.

Practice S.S. LEAP Question How can a judge ensure that the right of a person to a fair trial is secured? A. by selecting jurors who are not biased about the case B. by selecting the first jurors who arrive at court C. by selecting jurors who already have information about the case D. by selecting jurors who have enough time to hear the case

Vocabulary Anarchy: An absence of government or a state of lawlessness White League: An organization established in 1874 by the Redeemer Democrats to restore political power to prewar white Democrats.

Sharecropping: An agricultural system that developed in the South after the Civil War are a plantation provided the land, the tools, and a cabin and the works labored all year in return for a share of the profit when the crop was sold. Vocabulary

Fact # 1 The White League – Whites began to regain control of the state government they had before the war. One candidate even advocated “the murder of the Republican candidates.” By 1874 White League didn’t hesitate to use violence. Louisiana was again at the point of civil war. U.S. troops were sent to regain control.

Fact # Election – was again controversial. Both Republican and Democrat governors claimed victory. This time President Grant refused to send troops to settle the difference. Finally in 1877 the United States withdrew all Federal troops from Louisiana ending reconstruction – La. Was the final state released.

Fact # 3 Sharecropping – Finding workers for the neglected farms was constant struggle. One way to keep workers was “contracts”. Under contracts workers were paid wages but they had to stay on a plantation for a year. What was the difference between ‘slaves’ and ‘sharecroppers’?

Fact # 4 Credit – typically workers bought the year’s supplies on credit. That means they agreed to pay for the items later. Generally the store owner agreed to take part of the crop in payment at the end of the growing season. This became known as the crop lien system.

Fact # 5 Lagniappe – Edmund McIlhenny produced the first bottles of Louisiana’s famous TABASCO® brand Pepper Sauce in TABASCO has been made with just three ingredients: fully aged red peppers, Avery Island salt and distilled high-grain natural vinegar.

Fact # 6 Entertainment – the latter 1800s included the circus in Shreveport, riverboat races from New Orleans to St. Louis, baseball became popular, Mardi Gras parades began in New Orleans and other Louisiana cities.

Fact # 7 Education – got very little attention during the latter part of the 1800s. Public schools were open to all students – but none accepted both blacks and whites. In parishes that whites controlled, blacks were not allowed to attend schools. Parishes were African Americans controlled the school board white parents refused to send their children to school.

Fact # 8 African-American Churches – began after years of blacks attending white churches and setting in special sections. Some A-A churches had already been established – the AA Methodist Episcopal Church. Since most slaves had been Catholic, many formed other churches – Methodist and Baptist.

Upcoming Fri (12): Ch. 12, Populists Mon (15): Ch. 12, Populists Tue (16): Ch. 12, Populists Wed (17): Ch. 13, Huey Long Thur (18): Ch. 13, Huey Long Fri (19): Ch. 13, Huey Long Mon (22): Ch. 13, Huey Long