Bell Ringer What are the Traditional work settings for Athletic Trainers? What are some Non-Traditional work settings? When and where was the profession of Athletic Training founded? Who is considered to be a part of the Primary Sports Medicine Team? Who is considered to be a part of the Secondary Sports Medicine Team? List 3 qualities an AT needs to have and why.

Medical Terminology and abbreviations

Medical Terminology Using and understanding is essential to clear communication amongst the health care community.

“To Err Is Human” In 1999, the Institute of Medicine published the famous "To Err Is Human" report, which dropped a bombshell on the medical community by reporting that up to 98,000 people a year die because of mistakes in hospitals Journal of Patient Safety that says the numbers may be much higher — between 210,000 and 440,000 patients each year who go to the hospital for care suffer some type of preventable harm that contributes to their death.210,000 and 440,000 patients That would make medical errors the third-leading cause of death in America, behind heart disease, which is the first, and cancer, which is second.third-leading cause of death in America

The Basics Anatomic Position: Refers to an erect stance with the arms at the sides and the palms of the hands facing forward The body moves in relation to planes Frontal Sagittal Transverse

The 4 word parts Most medical terms built from word parts consist of some or all of the following components: 1. PREFIXES 2. WORD ROOTS 3. SUFFIXES 4. COMBINING VOWELS

The Prefix The prefix is a word part attached to the beginning of a word root to modify its meaning. Prefixes can indicate; A number such as bi-, meaning two. A position, such as sub-, meaning under. A direction, such as intra-, meaning within. Time, such as brady-, meaning slow Negation, such as a-, meaning without Although a prefix can be used to modify the meaning of a word, many medical terms do not have a prefix.

The Root Word The word root is the word part that is the core of the word. The word root contains the fundamental meaning of the word Since the word root is the core of the word, each medical term contains one or more word roots

Examples of Root Words Play/er; In this word, play is the word root. Arthr/itis; In this medical term, arthr (which means joint) is the word root. Hepat/itis; In this medical term, hepat (which means liver) is the word root.

The Suffix The suffix is a word part attached to the end of the word root to modify its meaning. The suffix frequently indicates a procedure, condition, or disease such as –scopy, meaning visual examination (procedure) –tomy, meaning surgical excision (procedure) -itis, meaning inflammation (condition) -oma, meaning tumor (disease)

Suffix Examples Play/er in this word, -er is the suffix. Hepat/ic in this medical term, -ic (which means pertaining to) is the suffix. Hepat is the word root for liver; therefore hepatic means pertaining to the liver. Hepat/itis in this medical term, -itis (which means inflammation) is the suffix. The term hepatitis means inflammation of the liver.

A Quick Summary Word root- core of a word; for example, hepat Suffix- attached at the end of a word root to modify its meaning; for example, -ic. Prefix- attached at the beginning of a word to modify its meaning; for example, Sub- Combining Vowel- usually an o used between two word roots or a word root and a suffix to ease pronunciation; for example hepat o pathy Combining form- word root plus combining vowel separated by a vertical slash; for example, hepat/o.

Vocabulary Anatomy Study of the structure and shape of the body and its parts Physiology Study of how the body and its parts work or function Anatomical Position refers to the standing position, with arms at the side and palms facing towards the front Anterior front half of the body Posterior back half of the body

Vocabulary Superior toward the head Inferior toward the feet Medial toward the center line of the body Lateral away from the center line

Vocabulary Distal away from the trunk of the body (i.e. ankle is distal to the knee) Proximal towards to the trunk (i.e. the shoulder is proximal to the elbow) Flexion decreasing joint angle Extension increasing joint angle Abduction movement away from the midline Adduction movement towards the midline

Vocabulary Dorsiflexion foot/toes moving toward the body, decreasing angle Plantarflexion foot/toes moving toward ground, increasing angle Inversion movement inward Eversion movement (sole of foot) away from midline External Rotation rotation about its axis in the transverse plane away from the midline Internal Rotation rotation about its axis in the transverse plane toward the midline

Vocabulary Supination surface rotated upward Pronation surface rotated downward Superficial near body’s surface Deep beneath the surface

Common abbreviations ADL – Activities of Daily Living Bi/Lat, B – Bilateral BP – Blood Pressure BPM – Beats per Minute C/O – Complaining Of… DF - Dorsiflexion HA – Head Ache HR – Heart Rate LE – Lower Extremity LOC – Loss of Consciousness NKA – No Known Allergies

Abbv. Cont’d Dx – Diagnosis Fx – Fracture Hx – History ( HO – History Of…) Px – Practice Sx - Symptoms Tx – Treatment

Cont’d P- Pain PF – Plantarflexion PRN – As Needed Pt – Patient ROM – Range of Motion Rx - Prescription S&S – Signs and Symptoms UE – Upper Extremity w/, c – With WNL – Within Normal Limits

Common Prefixes A/An - no, not, without Arthro – joint Bi – two Brady - slow Cardio – heart Costo - rib Derm – skin Dys - painful Epi – on, above Hyper – more than normal Hypo – less than normal Inter- between Intra – within

Common prefix cont’d Neuro – Nerve Mal - bad Peri – around Post – after, behind Poly – many Pre – before, in front Pneumon – lung Quadri - four Sub – below Tachy - fast Tri - three Ven – vein

Common Suffix -algia: pain -ectomy: surgical excision -itis: inflammation -osis: abnormal state -pathy: disease -phagia: eating, swallowing -pnea: breathing -stasis: control

Anatomical Planes Sagittal – divides the body into R&L Movements: flexion/extension, running Coronal (frontal)- divides body into anterior/posterior Movements: ab/adduction Transverse (horizontal)- equal top and bottom halves Movements: rotation

Copy and Translate Paragraph: Patient is complaining of having increasing difficulties with lower extremity range of motion and with her gait. She does have some pain, particularly at night, in her lower extremities. On examination, her signs and symptoms are lower extremity pain - 8/10 bilaterally, decreased ability to walk, lack of range of motion, and obvious swelling. She is being sent for x-rays to rule out fractures, and is diagnosed with bilateral hamstring strains. Her treatment will be Ibuprofen as needed, and rest for 2 weeks. She has no known history of any drug allergies.