Chapter 21: The Evolution of Primates Features Unique to Man Bipedal – Curvature of spine, weight distribution – Pelvis – upright walking – Foramen magnum.

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Presentation transcript:

Chapter 21: The Evolution of Primates

Features Unique to Man Bipedal – Curvature of spine, weight distribution – Pelvis – upright walking – Foramen magnum – base of skull – Longer legs – Alignment of big toe Increase in brain size Skull – Supraorbital ridges absent – Flatter face – U-shape for teeth – Smaller teeth Large nose Large jutting chin Big not not opposable Arched foot Hairless skin

6 mya- Sahelanthropus 4.38 mya- Ardipithecus 4 mya Australopithecus anamensis 3.9 mya -3.0 mya Austral. afarensis 3.5 mya Kenyanthropus

2.7 mya- 1.2 mya Paranthropus(Austr.) boisei 2.0 mya -1.5 mya P.(Austr.) robustus 3.0 mya- 2.0 mya Austra. africanus

Lucy mya A. afarensis

A. afarensis

A. boisei Olduvai Gorge Tanzania 1.8 mya

Sagittal crest simian Brow ridges A. boisei _

A. robustus

Homo habilis mya H. erectus 150,000 mya -1.4 mya H. ergaster mya (archaic H. sapiens) H. heidelbergensis 500, ,000 yrs ago

H. floresiensis or H. erectus? 18,000 yrs ago H. sapiens sapiens 250,000 yrs ago-present H. neandert(h)alensis - 10, ,000 yrs ago

1st 1856 – Neander Valley in Feldhofer caves, Germany Skullcap Other bones, too

Neandertal vs modern human

‘Java man’ skullcap – H. erectus

3rd ‘Peking man’ H. erectus China 14 skulls and more stone tools Campfires 300, ,000 years ago

4th Homo habilis ‘handy man’ stone tools 2 mya mya Olduvai Gorge 1960’s The Leakeys

Homo erectus 1.5 mya - 250,000 First to leave Africa? Long thought a direct descendent of H. sapiens

Cro-Magnon

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