Biology Fall Semester Final Exam Review JEOPARDY S2C06 Jeopardy Review

1.Scientific Method 2. Chemistry 3. Cells and Organelles 4. Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration 5. Genetics, DNA and Protein Synthesis

1. Scientific Method 100 A proposed explanation for a set of observations A: What is a hypothesis ? S2C06 Jeopardy Review

1. Scientific Method 200 A: What is a theory? A well-tested explanation that unifies a broad range of observations S2C06 Jeopardy Review

1. Scientific Method 300 A: What is the responding or dependent variable? [Either term is acceptable here] This is the variable that is observed and usually measured in a controlled experiment. S2C06 Jeopardy Review

1. Scientific Method 400 A: What is the manipulated or independent variable? [Either term is acceptable here] The single variable that the scientist deliberately changes in a controlled experiment. S2C06 Jeopardy Review

1. Scientific Method 500 A: What are controlled variables ? These are all of the conditions that the scientist must insure do not change from sample to sample or trial to trial in a controlled experiment. S2C06 Jeopardy Review

2. Chemistry 100 A: What are “protons and neutrons” ? These are the two subatomic particles found in the nucleus of an atom. S2C06 Jeopardy Review

2. Chemistry 200 A: What is an enzyme ? A protein that serves as a catalyst in a biological system. S2C06 Jeopardy Review

2. Chemistry 300 A: What is a protein ? This is polymer made by joining many amino acids with peptide bonds. S2C06 Jeopardy Review

2 Chemistry 400 A: What is a carbohydrate ? This group of macromolecules is characterized by the general chemical formula, (CH 2 O) n S2C06 Jeopardy Review

2 Chemistry 500 A: What is speed of reaction? or What is activation energy? [accept either] By changing this, enzymes are able to affect chemical reactions in living cells S2C06 Jeopardy Review

3. Cells and Organelles 100 A: What is the Nucleus? This large organelle contains the cell’s genetic material and controls the cell’s activities. S2C06 Jeopardy Review

2. Cells and Organelles 200 A: What is prokaryote ? This group of organisms have a cell membrane and cytoplasm but lack a nucleus or other membrane-bound organelles. S2C06 Jeopardy Review

3. Cells and Organelles 300 A: What is “cytoskeleton”? This system of microtubules and microfilaments helps maintain the cell’s form and is responsible for movement. S2C06 Jeopardy Review

3. Cells and Organelles 400 A: What is “ribosome”? Often found attached to endoplasmic reticulum, this tiny organelle is the site of translation of mRNA as it assembles amino acids into proteins. S2C06 Jeopardy Review

3. Cells and Organelles 500 A: What is mitochondrion? This organelle converts food into high- energy compounds that the cell uses for growth, development, and movement. S2C06 Jeopardy Review

4. Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration 100 A: What are “carbon dioxide and water”? These are the reactants in the overall equation for photosynthesis. S2C06 Jeopardy Review

4. Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration 200 A: What is a “chloroplast” ? S2C06 Jeopardy Review The organelle, found only in plants, that contains chlorophyl and is the site of photosynthesis.

4. Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration 300 A: What is “ATP”? This is a molecule that is an important source of energy for the cell. Chemical energy is stored in the bond between its second and third phosphate groups. S2C06 Jeopardy Review

4. Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration 400 A: What is mitochondrion ? This organelle is the site of the aerobic cellular respiration. S2C06 Jeopardy Review

4 Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration 500 A: What is “chlorophyll” ? This is the pigment in plant cells responsible for capturing light energy to be used in photosynthesis. S2C06 Jeopardy Review

5. Genetics, DNA, and Protein Synthesis 100 A: What is “mitosis”? This type of cell division produces two genetically identical daughter cells. S2C06 Jeopardy Review

5. Genetics, DNA, and Protein Synthesis 200 A: What is “meiosis”? In this specialized type of cell division, four daughter cells are produced, each having half the chromosomes of the parent cell. S2C06 Jeopardy Review

5. Genetics, DNA, and Protein Synthesis 300 A: What is one? S2C06 Jeopardy Review If tallness is dominant over shortness in pea plants, this is the number of phenotypes expected in a cross between a homozygous tall pea plant and a homozygous short pea plant.

5. Genetics, DNA, and Protein Synthesis 400 A: What is “heterozygous” or “Aa” Where albinism is a recessive trait, this is the genotype of the son of man who is homozygous dominant and a woman who is albino. S2C06 Jeopardy Review

5. Genetics, DNA, and Protein Synthesis 500 A: What is “messenger RNA”? This is created by the process of transcription in the cell’s nucleus S2C06 Jeopardy Review