Adams’ administration and his supporters, who included many former Federalists, began to call themselves “National Republicans” to show their support for a strong national government that would promote commerce, support education, and fund roads and canals. But Adams was not particularly popular. On the other hand…… Jackson was extremely popular, having won national fame as hero of the Battle of New Orleans in the War of 1812, later in wars against American Indians in Florida. He was also backed by a well-orchestrated political organization. Jackson’s followers (Jacksonian) formed the Democratic Party, claiming to be the true successors of (Thomas) Jefferson’s Democratic-Republican Party. The Democrats believed in small, decentralized government.

Andrew Jackson’s policies spoke for the common people…..but violated Native American rights.

The Jacksonian Period ( ) has been characterized as the era of “the common man.” To what extent did the period live up to its characterizations? Consider the following: Politics, economic development, Federal vs. state power, treatment of Native Americans Starter

Objectives: *Describe tensions between Adams and Jackson *Explain Jackson’s spoils system and his appeal *Summarize the effects of the Indian removal Act of 1830

Jackson’s Opponents in 1824 John Quincy Adams [MA] Henry Clay [KY] John C. Calhoun [SC] William H. Crawford [GA]

Election of 1824 * Andrew Jackson won by popular vote - popular vote: the vote for a U.S. presidential candidate made by the qualified voters, as opposed to that made by the electoral college. *But lacked the majority electoral vote….. - electoral vote: the vote cast in the electoral college of the U.S. by the representatives of each state in a presidential election.

Because of his power in the House Clay could swing the election either way Clay disliked Jackson personally and mistrusted his lack of political experience……

John Quincy Adams Adams agreed with Clay’s American system. Adams was elected by a majority of the states represented in the House. (6 th President)

Jackson’s New Presidential Style Expansion of Voting rights…. Concerns of the “ordinary people” Jackson won presidency by a landslide He was so popular, that record numbers of people came to Washington to see “Old Hickory”

Jackson’s Spoil System Jackson used powers of the presidency upon gaining office. He announced that his appointees to federal jobs would serve a maximum of 4 year term Jackson practiced the spoil system…… “To victor belong the spoils of the enemy”

Spoil system -Incoming officials throw out former appointees and replace them with their own friends.

President Andrew Jackson outlined his Indian removal policy in his Second Annual Message to Congress on December 6, Jackson's comments on Indian removal begin with the words…. "It gives me pleasure to announce to Congress that the benevolent policy of the Government, steadily pursued for nearly thirty years, in relation to the removal of the Indians beyond the white settlements is approaching to a happy consummation. Two important tribes have accepted the provision made for their removal at the last session of Congress, and it is believed that their example will induce the remaining tribes also to seek the same obvious advantages."

Congress passed the Indian removal Act in federal government provided funds to negotiate treaties that would force the Native Americans to move west. -90 treaties were signed For Jackson, the removal policy “not only liberal, but generous” But this was based on the rights of states to govern within their own boundaries.

Why did Jackson think that Native Americans should be moved west of the Mississippi?