Warm-up!  Which one is solute and which one is solvent in the following? kool-aid & water Coffee & Creamer Jello mix & water

How much coffee can dissolve In water? Solubility How much coffee can dissolve In water?

Solution formation *Watch a video* Since molecules are moving randomly, a solution will form by itself if the solute is soluble What can we do to make a solute dissolve faster? Agitate (stir) the solution Increase temperature Decrease particle size (increase surface area)

Solubility When you add a solute to a solvent, you eventually reach a point where no more solute can dissolve. The amount that dissolves in 100 g of water is called “solubility” Unit: g of solute/100 g (ml) of water

Saturated Solution Saturated solution: when the maximum amount of solute is dissolved Unsaturated solution: when less than the maximum amount of solute is dissolved Supersaturated solution: when more than the maximum amount of solute is dissolved (used in making rock candies)

Solubility & temperature As temperature increases, the kinetic energy of particles increase (particles move faster) More collisions between solute and solvent particles The higher temperature, the more soluble but gases are less soluble at higher temperature the higher kinetic energy of gas particles allows them to escape from a solution (flat soda on a hot day)

Solubility graph