INCANDESCENT LIGHT SOURCES

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Presentation transcript:

INCANDESCENT LIGHT SOURCES INCANDESCENT LAMPS INTRODUCTION LAMP CONSTRUCTION LAMP TYPES OPERATION EVALUATION APPLICATIONS SPECIAL LAMPS DEFINITIONS: SOURCE OF ELECTRIC LIGHT THAT ILLUMINATES THROUGH INCANDESCENCE (A GENERAL TERM FOR HEAT-DRIVEN LIGHT EMISSIONS). INCANDESCENT LIGHT SOURCES

INCANDESCENT LIGHT SOURCES INCANDESCENT LAMPS INTRODUCTION LAMP CONSTRUCTION LAMP TYPES OPERATION EVALUATION APPLICATIONS SPECIAL LAMPS INCANDESCENT LIGHT SOURCES

INCANDESCENT LIGHT SOURCES INCANDESCENT LAMPS INTRODUCTION LAMP CONSTRUCTION LAMP TYPES SHAPES SIZES OPERATION EVALUATION APPLICATIONS SPECIAL LAMPS INCANDESCENT LIGHT SOURCES

INCANDESCENT LAMPS PARABOLIC ALUMINIZED REFLECTOR (PAR) LAMPS: INTRODUCTION LAMP CONSTRUCTION LAMP TYPES SHAPES SIZES OPERATION EVALUATION APPLICATIONS SPECIAL LAMPS PARABOLIC ALUMINIZED REFLECTOR (PAR) LAMPS: ALLOW DIRECTED BEAM CONTROL EITHER AS A SPOT (NARROW) OR A FLOOD (WIDE). PAR LAMPS ARE CONSTRUCTED OF HARD GLASS FOR EXTERIOR USE. PAR LAMPS

INCANDESCENT LAMPS INTERNAL REFLECTOR (R) LAMPS: INTRODUCTION LAMP CONSTRUCTION LAMP TYPES SHAPES SIZES OPERATION EVALUATION APPLICATIONS SPECIAL LAMPS INTERNAL REFLECTOR (R) LAMPS: ALSO ALLOW DIRECTED BEAM CONTROL, EITHER AS A SPOT LIGHT OR FLOOD LIGHT. THEY CONSTRUCTED OF SOFT GLASS AND ARE INTENDED FOR INTERIOR USE. R LAMPS

INCANDESCENT LIGHT SOURCES INCANDESCENT LAMPS INTRODUCTION LAMP CONSTRUCTION LAMP TYPES SHAPES SIZES OPERATION EVALUATION APPLICATIONS SPECIAL LAMPS INCANDESCENT LIGHT SOURCES

INCANDESCENT LIGHT SOURCES INCANDESCENT LAMPS INTRODUCTION LAMP CONSTRUCTION LAMP TYPES OPERATION COLOR RENDITION EFFICACY LAMP LIFE LUMEN MAINTENANCE EVALUATION APPLICATIONS SPECIAL LAMPS COLOR RENDERING CHARACTERISTICS: INCANDESCENT LAMPS PRODUCE A WHITE LIGHT WHICH IS WARMER THAN SUNLIGHT, RICH IN YELLOWS & REDS, WEAK IN GREENS & BLUES. LOWER WATTAGES TEND TO BE WARMER & HIGH WATTAGES COOLER. DIMMED LAMPS GIVE OFF A YELLOW-RED LIGHT. INCANDESCENT LIGHT SOURCES

INCANDESCENT LIGHT SOURCES INCANDESCENT LAMPS INTRODUCTION LAMP CONSTRUCTION LAMP TYPES OPERATION COLOR RENDITION EFFICACY LAMP LIFE LUMEN MAINTENANCE EVALUATION APPLICATIONS SPECIAL LAMPS COLOR RENDERING CHARACTERISTICS: INCANDESCENT SOURCES PRODUCE LIGHT WHICH IS VERY FLATTERING TO SKIN TONES. THE CORRELATED COLOR TEMPERATURE OF STANDARD INCANDESCENT LAMPS IS BETWEEN 2600 AND 3000K. INCANDESCENT LIGHT SOURCES

RICHARD MORRIS HUNT, BREAKERS, NEWPORT, RHODE ISLAND, 1893-1895 INCANDESCENT LAMPS INTRODUCTION LAMP CONSTRUCTION LAMP TYPES OPERATION COLOR RENDITION EFFICACY LAMP LIFE LUMEN MAINTENANCE EVALUATION APPLICATIONS SPECIAL LAMPS COLOR RENDERING CHARACTERISTICS: INCANDESCENT SOURCES HAVE EXCELLENT COLOR RENDERING CHARACTERISTICS. RICHARD MORRIS HUNT, BREAKERS, NEWPORT, RHODE ISLAND, 1893-1895

INCANDESCENT LIGHT SOURCES INCANDESCENT LAMPS INTRODUCTION LAMP CONSTRUCTION LAMP TYPES OPERATION COLOR RENDITION EFFICACY LAMP LIFE LUMEN MAINTENANCE EVALUATION APPLICATIONS SPECIAL LAMPS EFFICACY: INCANDESCENT SOURCES HAVE VERY LOW EFFICACY, BETWEEN 15 AND 25 LUMENS PER WATT. EFFICACY INCREASES WITH WATTAGE. INCANDESCENT LIGHT SOURCES

INCANDESCENT LAMPS INTRODUCTION LAMP CONSTRUCTION LAMP TYPES OPERATION COLOR RENDITION EFFICACY LAMP LIFE LUMEN MAINTENANCE EVALUATION APPLICATIONS SPECIAL LAMPS EFFICACY IS LOW

LAMP LIFE IS SHORT: 750-3500 HOURS INCANDESCENT LAMPS INTRODUCTION LAMP CONSTRUCTION LAMP TYPES OPERATION COLOR RENDITION EFFICACY LAMP LIFE LUMEN MAINTENANCE EVALUATION APPLICATIONS SPECIAL LAMPS LAMP LIFE IS SHORT: 750-3500 HOURS

LUMEN MAINTENANCE: 80-90% AT 50% LIFE INCANDESCENT LAMPS INTRODUCTION LAMP CONSTRUCTION LAMP TYPES OPERATION COLOR RENDITION EFFICACY LAMP LIFE LUMEN MAINTENANCE EVALUATION APPLICATIONS SPECIAL LAMPS LUMEN MAINTENANCE: 80-90% AT 50% LIFE

INCANDESCENT LIGHT SOURCES INCANDESCENT LAMPS INTRODUCTION LAMP CONSTRUCTION LAMP TYPES OPERATION EVALUATION ADVANTAGES DISADVANTAGES APPLICATIONS SPECIAL LAMPS ADVANTAGES: ACCURATE COLOR RENDITION. LAMP LIFE IS INDEPENDENT OF THE NUMBER OF STARTS. INSTANT START & RESTART. SIMPLE & INEXPENSIVE DIMMING. LOW INITIAL & REPLACEMENT COSTS. COMPACT SIZE. INEXPENSIVE FIXTURES. FOCUSABLE AS A POINT SOURCE. REQUIRES NO BALLAST. INCANDESCENT LIGHT SOURCES

INCANDESCENT LIGHT SOURCES INCANDESCENT LAMPS INTRODUCTION LAMP CONSTRUCTION LAMP TYPES OPERATION EVALUATION ADVANTAGES DISADVANTAGES APPLICATIONS SPECIAL LAMPS DISADVANTAGES: LARGE NUMBER OF SOURCES ARE REQUIRED BECAUSE OF THEIR LOW EFFICACY. HIGH ELECTRICITY COSTS. HIGH HEAT GAIN FROM LIGHTING. SHORT LAMP LIFE RESULTING IN HIGHER MAINTENANCE COSTS. INCANDESCENT LIGHT SOURCES

INCANDESCENT LIGHT SOURCES INCANDESCENT LAMPS INTRODUCTION LAMP CONSTRUCTION LAMP TYPES OPERATION EVALUATION APPLICATIONS SPECIAL LAMPS APPLICATIONS: INCANDESCENT SOURCES ARE USED WHERE USE IS INFREQUENT. INCANDESCENT LIGHT SOURCES

INCANDESCENT LIGHT SOURCES INCANDESCENT LAMPS INTRODUCTION LAMP CONSTRUCTION LAMP TYPES OPERATION EVALUATION APPLICATIONS SPECIAL LAMPS APPLICATIONS: INCANDESCENT SOURCES ARE USED WHERE LOW COST DIMMING IS REQUIRED. INCANDESCENT LIGHT SOURCES

INCANDESCENT LIGHT SOURCES INCANDESCENT LAMPS INTRODUCTION LAMP CONSTRUCTION LAMP TYPES OPERATION EVALUATION APPLICATIONS SPECIAL LAMPS APPLICATIONS: INCANDESCENT SOURCES ARE USED WHERE FOCUSING FIXTURES ARE NEEDED. INCANDESCENT LIGHT SOURCES

INCANDESCENT LIGHT SOURCES INCANDESCENT LAMPS INTRODUCTION LAMP CONSTRUCTION LAMP TYPES OPERATION EVALUATION APPLICATIONS SPECIAL LAMPS APPLICATIONS: INCANDESCENT SOURCES ARE USED WHERE MINIMUM INITIAL COST IS CRUCIAL. INCANDESCENT LIGHT SOURCES

INCANDESCENT LIGHT SOURCES INCANDESCENT LAMPS INTRODUCTION LAMP CONSTRUCTION LAMP TYPES OPERATION EVALUATION APPLICATIONS SPECIAL LAMPS APPLICATIONS: INCANDESCENT SOURCES ARE USED WHERE THEIR CHARACTERISTIC COLOR RENDERING IS REQUIRED INCANDESCENT LIGHT SOURCES

INCANDESCENT SOURCES ARE COMMONLY USED IN RESIDENTIAL APPLICATIONS. INCANDESCENT LAMPS INTRODUCTION LAMP CONSTRUCTION LAMP TYPES OPERATION EVALUATION APPLICATIONS SPECIAL LAMPS INCANDESCENT SOURCES ARE COMMONLY USED IN RESIDENTIAL APPLICATIONS.

INCANDESCENT LIGHT SOURCES INCANDESCENT LAMPS INTRODUCTION LAMP CONSTRUCTION LAMP TYPES OPERATION EVALUATION APPLICATIONS SPECIAL LAMPS TUNGSTEN-HALOGEN LAMPS: THE FILAMENT IS HOUSED WITHIN AN INNER QUARTZ ENVELOPE WHICH CAN TOLERATE HIGH OPERATING TEMPERATURES. SLIGHT BETTER CRI. EXTENDED LIFE (2000 TO 12000H). GREATER LUMEN MAINTENANCE. INCANDESCENT LIGHT SOURCES