1. LIGHTING

2. LAMP – the bulb
LIGHTING INSTRUMENT – the fixture

3. Creates a sharp, distinct shadow.
HARD LIGHT
Creates a sharp, distinct shadow.

4. Creates an indistinct shadow.
SOFT LIGHT
Creates an indistinct shadow.

5. SPOTLIGHT – Produces a sharp, directional beam.
HARD LIGHT
SPOTLIGHT – Produces a sharp, directional beam.

6. FRESNEL (fra-nel)
A SPOT LIGHT COMMONLY USED ON STUDIO GRIDS.

7. SOFT LIGHT
Flood Light – Produces a diffused, nondirectional light that spreads over a wide area.

8. SCOOP
A FLOOD LIGHT COMMONLYUSED ON STUDIO GRIDS.

9. BLOCK/SHAPE LIGHT
Barn doors – moveable metal flaps attached to a lighting instrument
Flag – a flat piece of metal that is placed in front of the instrument

10. DIFFUSION DEVICE
A device used to soften the intensity of light without reducing its color temperature.

11. DIFFUSION DEVICES
Umbrellas
Reflectors
Scrims

12. DIFFUSING LIGHT Use a diffusion device Bounce the light
Move the instrument away from the subject
Use a lower watt lamp
Use a dimmer

13. 3 POINT LIGHTING KEY – The main source of illumination
FILL – Placed opposite the Key light
BACK LIGHT – Placed above & behind the subject

14. KELVIN COLOR TEMPERATURE SCALE
A scale developed by a scientist (William Thomson, 1st Baron Kelvin) that measures color temperatures of light in degrees Kelvin (i.e.: 32K).

15. KELVIN COLOR TEMPERATURE SCALE
2000K Red 2500K Yellow 3200K White 4000K Green 5000K Blue 7000K Violet 10,000K Black

16. KELVIN COLOR TEMPERATURE SCALE
3200 degrees Kelvin equals White Light. In order to reproduce colors properly on TV the light hitting the object must be WHITE (32K).

17. WHITE BALANCE
A function of video cameras that forces the camera to see an object as white no matter the type of light hitting the object.

18. GEL
A plastic sheet that is placed in front of a lighting instrument to turn the white light from a lamp into a colored light.