Time Period: U.S. History

Restoring Hope 1932-While campaigning, Roosevelt formed the “Brain Trust”—an advisory group With the “Brain Trust” Roosevelt created 15 Relief and Recovery programs known as the New Deal

The Banking System March 6, 1933: Every bank in the nation is closed to stop the massive withdrawels June 1933: Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) This insured each bank deposit up to $5,000 Today, it ensures up to $100,000 April 1933: Home Owners Loan Corporation (HOLC) Grants low-interest, long-term mortgage loans to assist home owners who couldn’t meet mortgage payments

Relief for the Needy Federal Emergency Relief Administration (FERA) $5oo Million sent to states for direct distribution to families $8 Million American Families receiving public assistance Civil Works Administration(CWA) Created jobs, NOT handouts! Raking leaves and picking up park litter Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC) Provided relief for men b/w the ages 18 and ,000 men left for CCC training Planted trees, created park trails, developed campgrounds $30 a month

Helping the Nation Recover Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) Regulates companies that sell stocks and bonds Protected investors and guards against fraud National Industrial Recovery Act (NIRA) Stimulates industrial and business activity and reduce unemployment Stabilized prices, raising wages, limiting work hours Created two new federal agencies: Public Works Administration (PWA)—converted farms to public roads, buildings, etc. National Recovery Administration (NRA)—encouraged “codes of fair competition

Agricultural Recovery May 1933: Agricultural Adjustment Administration (AAA) Paid farmers to reduce their output of corn, cotton, dairy products, hogs, rice, tobacco, wheat, etc. By cutting production, it caused the prices of agricultural goods to rise

Revitalizing a Region May 1933: Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA) Aids a rural seven-state region that was scarred by deforestation and frequent flooding Disease, illiteracy, malnutrition, and poverty plagued 2 million residents Built dams, several power stations (provided electricity), flood control, and recreational facilities Combated malaria, illiteracy, and soil erosion

Critic of the New Deal Huey Long—corrupt senator from Louisiana Long wanted to take from the rich and give to the poor Relief Program-Share Our Wealth Government would seize wealth from the rich through taxes and then provide a guaranteed minimum income and a home to every American family Assassin killed Huey Long in 1935

Second New Deal Added programs to the New Deal but this set was referred to as the “Second New Deal” Second New Deal still promoted social relief and economic recovery but emphasized long-term reform Works Progress Administration (WPA) Designed to help Americans find work Blue Collar: 350 airports; 100,000 public buildings; 78,000 bridges, and 500,000 miles of road White collar workers took on research and teaching

Second New Deal National Youth Administration (NYA) “junior WPA” Provided high-school and college-age Americans with part time jobs that allowed them to stay in school Mary McCleod Bethune Social Security Act Three major provisions 1: provided unemployment insurance to workers who lost jobs 2: provided pensions to retired workers older than 65 3: shared federal-state program Rural Electrification Administration (REA)

Election of 1936 Democrat Candidate– FDR Republicans—Alfred M. Landon Topics? Supporters?

Effects of the Second New Deal Wagner-Connery Act American Federation of Labor (AFL) Congress of Industrial Organizations (CIO) Sit-Down Strikes Famers Roosevelt’s Recession

The Dust Bowl and Migration Mid 1930s—a severe drought struck the Great Plains; Winds picked up the topsoil that had loosened and dried (Known as the Dust Bowl) Describe the Effects… How to prevent further natural disasters? Why did the Okies move and where were they headed? Discuss the competition for Migrant Work…

Picturing Life in the Great Depression Read Page 484 and in detail discuss some of the effects during the Great Depression What were photographers trying to portray? Why were they hired? FSA (Farm Security Administration)… Dorothea Lange Migrant Mother

Evaluating the New Deal Pg