Transport for a sustainable future: A research perspective John Whitelegg

Park Diagonal Mar - Barcelona

Possible reactions Keep adding to supply in the hope of keeping up with demand (roads, parking, heavy rail, LRT) SMART growth (high density, high accessibility, modal shift, reduce need to travel) Fingers crossed (bit of both)

London In all practical senses it is impossible to fund/build/manage enough supply to cope with demand Feedback mechanisms are powerful enough to send us off course even if we try

Delivery £30 million mobility management intervention (school travel plans, work place travel plans, national standard for travel plans) Extension of congestion charging Huge investment and design effort in walking and cycling Climate change plan

Targeting work places 150,000 businesses in London Congestion Reduction Potential Analysis Top 30 “High Opportunity Enterprises”

So what are the big issues and the research needs? Child-friendly/older person friendly public space Car-reduced cities Climate Change Fiscal re-balancing Public health integration

Research Needs Streets for people (Appleyard) Accessibility leverage What changes behaviour (York project) Speed and aggression Human rights

Accessibility Facility density/local services Wide roads/fast moving traffic Barriers and detours City of short distances

16 per cent decrease in car trips 5 per cent increase in car trips 10 per cent increase in walking trips 4 per cent decrease in walking trips 5 per cent increase in bus trips 4 per cent decrease in bus trips 1 per cent increase in cycle trips Results

Are we missing the point? Water and sewage in mid-19 th century cities Child labour in factories and coal mines Slavery London smog Berlin wall Mobility management in the 21 st century city