Quantum Spin-Off project is funded by the European Commission. This communication reflects the views of the author, and the Commission cannot be held responsible for any use which may be made of the information contained herein. Nanomedicine S. A. Laimos Junior and Senior High School Academic year Participation in the European Nanotechnology Contest for High School students “Quantum Spin-Off” An action belonging to the European Program “Inspiring Science Education.” (I.S.E.) Presenters:  Anastassiadou Andriana  Charissi Zoi  Delkou Kiriaki  Kazoglou Antigoni  Kazoglou Evangellia  Nalpantidou Christina  Sampsonidou- MichaiIidou Georgia  Sampsonidou- Michailidou Penelope  Sotiri Dimitrios  Paraskevopoulou Aristea  Tsili Antonia

12 May 2015Laimos Junior and Senior High School2 Structure of the presentation 1 st Part: the product- magnetic nanoparticles for applications of magnetic hyperthermia. 2 nd Part : the establishment and the characteristics of the Spin- Off company. 3 rd Part: the medicine market in Greece.

12 May 2015Laimos Junior and Senior High School3 Introduction Nanotechnology and Modern Physics

Waves Spread in space and time WavelengthFrequency Can be superposed- show interference effects Pass through each other Particles Localized in space and time Cannot pass through each other - they bounce or shatter Waves and Particles in Classical Physics 12 May 2015Laimos Junior and Senior High School4

12 May 2015Laimos Junior and Senior High School5 Quantum Physics In the 20 th century, new experimental data required a fundamental revision of these classical ideas about physical objects. Light waves exhibited particle like properties- that is the phenomenon called photo-electric effect in which light impinging on certain metals cause instant emission of electrons in a billiard ball-like impact. Electrons (particles) exhibit wave-like properties- they can pass through each other ! TRUE UNDERSTANDING OF NATURE REQUIRED THAT PHYSICAL OBJECTS ARE NEITHER EXCLUSIVELY PARTICLES OR WAVES

12 May 2015Laimos Junior and Senior High School6 1 st Part The product: magnetic nanoparticles for applications of magnetic hyperthermia

12 May 2015Laimos Junior and Senior High School7 What is nanotechnology? Nanoscience and nanotechnology are the study and the application of extremely small things that can be used across all the science fields. Science Engineering Technology conducted at the nanoscale (which is about 1 to 100nm, where 1 nm = 1: m).

12 May 2015Laimos Junior and Senior High School8 Magnetic Hyperthermia Magnetic hyperthermia is an experimental cancer treatment which destroys tumors but does not affect the neighboring healthy cells. Magnetic nanoparticles are put inside a tumor and the whole patient is placed in an alternating magnetic field of well-chosen amplitude and frequency. The tumor temperature rises until the cancer cells start dying (43 o C). Our main product is Nanoferrum, a medicine with magnetic nanoparticles, which is applied in the method of magnetic hyperthermia.

12 May 2015Laimos Junior and Senior High School9 Magnetic Materials Linear (they are magnetized only if an external magnetic field is present)  Paramagnetic materials (they are attracted to a magnetic field)  Diamagnetic materials(they repulse the magnetic field) Non linear: retain their magnetization in the absence of an external magnetic field. This happens due to quantum mechanical spin forces better known as Exchange Interactions (due to Pauli Exclusion Principle).

Non-linear Magnetic Materials Ferromagnetic materials (the spins of neighboring valence electrons tend to orient parallel to each other) Antiferromagnetic materials (the spins of neighboring valence electrons tend to point in opposite directions) Ferrimagnetic materials (retain their magnetization in the absence of a field, but neighboring pairs of electron spins like to point in opposite directions)

12 May 2015Laimos Junior and Senior High School11 A special case: Superparamagnetism When a ferromagnet or ferrimagnet is sufficiently small, it acts like a single magnetic moment. Its response to an external magnetic field is like a paramagnet, but much stronger. This is the case of the nanoparticles of magnetite (Fe 3 O 4 ) and maghemite (γ-Fe 2 O 3, where γ refers to the crystalline structure), which are applied in the method of magnetic hyperthermia.

12 May 2015Laimos Junior and Senior High School12 Synthesis of Magnetite (Fe 3 O 4 ) Nanoparticles (1) In a glass container with 30 mℓ of water we dissolve under continuous stirring, 150 mg of dextrane, at about 35 ο C. In 10 mℓ of water we dissolve moles of dichloride and trichloride ferric in moles portion 2:1, with simultaneous addition of 30μℓ of concentrated hydrochloric acid(HCl 37%).

12 May 2015Laimos Junior and Senior High School13 Synthesis of Magnetite (Fe 3 O 4 ) Nanoparticles- (2) The temperature in the container rises up to 40 ο C, so 2 mℓ of ammonium hydroxide (NH 4 OH, 30%) and the solution of ferric ions are added. In the first 15 minutes of the reaction the temperature rises further gradually to 55 ο C and it is stabilized at ο C for 80 min. The container is removed from the hob and the product is placed in a water bath to be cooled at 30 ο C.

12 May 2015Laimos Junior and Senior High School14 Cleaning the final product (1) Initially the product is shared into 10 vials of 2 mℓ and centrifuged (we use a centrifuge device by Bacacos Scientific). After the centrifugation, the supernatant phase was discarded while the precipitate was collected from the flasks and added to half the amount of water (10 mℓ H 2 O). The product is stirred for 15 min (VORTEX).

12 May 2015Laimos Junior and Senior High School15 Cleaning the final product (2) The product is transferred to another container and then it is placed in an ultrasonic bath for 15 min in order to reduce the aggregates generated by centrifugation. The above process of centrifugation and stirring is repeated. A mild centrifugation of the colloid for 20 min at 2100g follows for removing larger aggregates by precipitation. Using a pipette, the bulk of the headspace in the vials is isolated and the colloid is stored in the refrigerator (at 7 ° C) to be examined in the electron microscope.

12 May 2015Laimos Junior and Senior High School16 Characterising the final product (1) We use a Leitz Scanning Electron Microscope (S.E.M.), model Amr 1600T, which belongs to the Ceramic Materials’ Research Laboratory (University of Athens, Department of Physics, Solid State Physics’ Section). Its function is based on the presence of spatially varying magnetic fields, which act as "magnetic lenses". The samples are prepared for the S.Ε.Μ. by placing a few droplets of the colloid in appropriate carriers and putting them in an oven at 37 ο C until they are completely dry.

12 May 2015Laimos Junior and Senior High School17 Characterising the final product (2) The samples are coated with gold under vacuum. The samples enter the microscope, where we an appropriate 20,00 kV acceleration potential is used. The samples are enlarged by 2,000 and 5,000 times. In all cases we can see ferric oxide nanoparticles aggregated to each other (thrombosis or flocculation of the colloid emulsion).

12 May 2015Laimos Junior and Senior High School18 2 nd Part The Business Model Canvas

12 May 2015Laimos Junior and Senior High School19 The goal of Nanomedicine S.A. Success

12 May 2015Laimos Junior and Senior High School20 Business Model Canvas Success

12 May 2015Laimos Junior and Senior High School21 Value Preposition Our products: Thanks to the nanoparticles they contain, they target only tumors. They do not afflict the body with side effects They are made from natural products, which with the help of nanotechnology are homogenized and take the form of injectable solutions. They promise healing and good quality of life They are cheaper than the respective ones already marketed.

12 May 2015Laimos Junior and Senior High School22 Customer Segments Private clinics Public hospitals Doctors- Prescribers Pharmacies/pharamceutical depots

12 May 2015Laimos Junior and Senior High School23 Distribution Channels Medical salesmen Presence in scientific conferences and medicine or pharmacology workshops. Participation in pharmaceutical fairs Advertisement of our products via brochures/leaflets etc… Advertising in medical journals Creation of a website for online advertising The distribution of products will be accomplished by means of trucks through highways. Our company’s site: users.sch.gr/ivelonak/joomla2015

12 May 2015Laimos Junior and Senior High School24 Customer Relations We are involved in sponsoring hospital and clinic events during festive and commemorative days We cover doctors’ medical expenses to attend scientific and medical conferences We offer gifts during festive periods

12 May 2015Laimos Junior and Senior High School25 Key Activities Finding suppliers according to their reliability, pricing policy and their response to the requirements of product and service improvement Acquisition of machinery Scientific reserch Medicine Manufacturing Advertizing Sale Payment of all parties involved (human resources, suppliers, collaborators etc)

12 May 2015Laimos Junior and Senior High School26 Key Resources Human Resources of various specialties Raw materials Equipment/machinery Capital (premises, vechicles) Cash/Money

12 May 2015Laimos Junior and Senior High School27 Key Partners Suppliers of raw materials Suppliers of packaging materials Company’s human resources Advertisers Everybody’s needs must be met for Profit Reputation Success

12 May 2015Laimos Junior and Senior High School28 Revenue Streams Company’s revenue source is its products’ sales Customers can pay via bank cheques and e- payments Nanomedicine S.A. has a stable pricing policy. Takes into account the volume of transactions Monitors the fluctuations of the raw materials’ market price and creates its price list accordingly, providing frequent updates to customers.

12 May 2015Laimos Junior and Senior High School29 Cost Structure Purchase/rental of facilities Purchase of  electrical equipment / machinery  purchase of raw materials  packaging materials  cars/vehicles To these, we should add the cost of: Advertising Human resources Product distribution Lighting Heating Water supply Stationery

12 May 2015Laimos Junior and Senior High School30 3 rd Part Establishing our company

12 May 2015Laimos Junior and Senior High School31 The Medical Market in Greece (1) The drug is a social good, so the institutional framework defines drastically:  the production  the distribution  the storage  the quality assurance  the competition  the pricing  the prescription policy  the general market conditions

12 May 2015Laimos Junior and Senior High School32 The Medical Market in Greece (2) The production and distribution of pharmaceutical products is one of the most dynamic sectors in Greek industry:  increased investments in the sector  creation of new units of production that manufacture pharmaceuticals. It is a dynamic industry which makes high profit.

12 May 2015Laimos Junior and Senior High School33 The establishment of Nanomedicine S.A. We created the Spin-Off company named Nanomedicine S.A. for manufacturing and selling nanomedicines. It is headquartered in the Industrial Area of Florina. The company is going to be set in a 300 sq.m. building that will be rented for this purpose.

12 May 2015Laimos Junior and Senior High School34 Necessary Formalities Issuing of books and documents Tax books are confidential and nobody has the right to take knowledge of them, apart from the tax office Decide on the necessary documents, which are:  invoices  delivery notes  waybills  check books  block collection receipts.

12 May 2015Laimos Junior and Senior High School35 Nanomedicine’s Chart CEO Ioannis Kapouranis Deputy CEO Athanassios Trentos Internal Audit and Information Technology Dimitrios Sotiri Christina Nalpantidou Theodora Lykomani Legal department Aristea Paraskevopoulou Georgia Sampsonidou- Michailidou Department of quality assurance Penelope Sampsonidou- Michailidou Andriana Anastasiadou Research and Development Department Zoi Charissi Elias Papadopoulos Kiriaki Delkou Konstantinos Stavropoulos Public Relations Evangelia Kazoglou Antonia Tsili Marketing Antigoni Kazoglou Fotini Michailidou Sofia Konstantinopoulou Human Resources Manager Raphail Nalpantidis Our company chart includes:  CEO and his deputy  Human Resources Manager And the following sections:  Internal Audit and Information Technology  Legal department  Department of quality assurance  Research and Development  Department Public Relations officer  Marketing officer

12 May 2015Laimos Junior and Senior High School36 Financing the Company Equity Funded by the Ministry of Development as a spin-off company upon request Check the company's possibilities to be funded by the Operational Program named: “Competitiveness, Entrepreneurship and Innovation”.

12 May 2015Laimos Junior and Senior High School37 Nanomedicine’s Website and Blog The website creation is crucial for the company’s advertising since suppliers and customers can be informed about our activities. Also, we have created a blog for improving the internal communication of our team. Our company ‘s site: users.sch.gr/ivelonak/joomla2015 users.sch.gr/ivelonak/joomla2015 Our blog:

12 May 2015Laimos Junior and Senior High School38 Nanomedicine’s objective and vision “Possessing flexibility, speed and adaptation to the new requirements we aim to establish ourselves in a leading pharmaceutical company and offer the community and the Greek economy!! We incorporate new technologies in our work and we rely on our people, who are our strength. Working in Nanomedicine S.A. is aimed to be considered as an important milestone for the realization of their professional ambitions! Together we work with vision, dedication and loyalty to produce quality medicines for the treatment of diseases!” Read more in our company ‘s site: users.sch.gr/ivelonak/joomla2015 users.sch.gr/ivelonak/joomla2015

12 May 2015Laimos Junior and Senior High School39 Useful References  Bakandritsos, G. Mattheolabakis, G. Chatzikyriakos, T. Szabo, V. Tzitzios, D. Kouzoudis, S. Couris, and K. Avgoustakis (2011), Doxorubicin Nanocarriers Based on Magnetic Colloids with a Bio-polyelectrolyte Corona and High Non-linear Optical Response: Synthesis, Characterization, and Properties, Adv. Funct. Mater., 21, 1465–1475  Baron A.R. & Shane S.A. (2008) Entrepreneurship. A process perspective. 2nd edition. South Western.  Fred R.D. (2011) Strategic Management. Concepts and cases. 13th edition. Pearson.  Goldstein J, Newbury D, Joy D, Lyman C, Echlin P, Lifshin E, Sawyer L and Michael J (2003). Scanning electron microscopy and x-ray microanalysis. Springer.  Kotler P., Brady M., Goodman M. & Hansen T. (2009) Marketing Management. Pearson.  Sutcliffe, H. (2011). A report on responsible research and innovation. Brussels: Matter.  Wanquan Jiang, H.C. Yang, S.Y. Yang, H.E. Horng, J.C. Hung, Y.C. Chen, Chin-Yih Hong (2004), Preparation and properties of superparamagnetic nanoparticles with narrow size distribution and biocompatible, Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials, Volume 283, Issues 2–3, Pages , ISSN cience/article/pii/S ) cience/article/pii/S )

12 May 2015Laimos Junior and Senior High School40 End of presentation Thank you for your attention!!! Read more in our blog: