Introduction

 Used to predict the possible outcomes that may result from the mating process between two individuals

 Using the Create-A-Kid activity

◦ What did the letters you flipped for represent?

 Using the Create-A-Kid activity ◦ What was different about the way genes were inherited in the activity done in class versus real life inheritance? ◦ Hint**- Do you know which alleles you will receive from your parents?

 How many alleles do your parents have for each trait?

◦ TWO (or more)!! ◦ SO, how do you know which one you will get?

 How many alleles do your parents have for each trait? ◦ TWO (or more)!! ◦ SO, how do you know which one you will get? ◦ YOU DON’T!!  You can only predict POSSIBLE outcomes

WHY??

 Law of Segregation  Law of Independent Assortment

 States that every individual possesses a pair of alleles for every trait and that each parent passes a RANDOM copy of only ONE of these to its offspring  Allele pairs SEPERATE during gamete formation  RANDOMLY unite at fertilization  One (RANDOM) allele from each parent

 States that separate genes for separate traits are passed independently of one another from parents to offspring  Meaning- Traits are independent of another ◦ Just because you get brown eyes does NOT mean you will get brown hair

 Example: Earlobe shape  Attached= Dominant (E) ◦ Possible genotypes?  Hanging free= homozygous Recessive (e)

 Example: Earlobes  Attached= Dominant (E)  Hanging free= homozygous Recessive (e)  1. What is the mothers genotype?

 Example: Earlobes  Attached= Dominant (E)  Hanging free= homozygous Recessive (e)  1. What is the mothers genotype?  2. What is the fathers genotype?

 Example: Earlobes  Attached= Dominant (E)  Hanging free= homozygous Recessive (e)  1. What is the mothers genotype?  2. What is the fathers genotype?  3. Write combination in squares

 If the mother has attached ear lobes and the father has earlobes that hang free, what kind of earlobes will their child have?  Poll ◦ Text

Each cell within the square is representative of one possible genotypic outcome for any offspring

 In purple people eaters, one-horn is dominant (P) and no horns is recessive (p). Draw a Punnet Square showing the cross of a purple people eater that is heterozygous for horns with a purple people eater that does not have horns. Summarize the genotypes & phenotypes of the possible offspring.  White boards

 In garden peas, round seed coats (R) is dominant over wrinkled seed coats (r). What will the results be of a cross between a homozygous dominant male and a recessive female.  White boards

 One cat carries heterozygous, long-haired traits (Ss), and its mate carries homozygous short-haired traits (ss). Use a Punnett square to determine the probability of one of their offspring having long hair.  What is the probability of one of their offspring having long hair?

 Write your own genetics problem that can be solved using a Punnett square. When finished, raise your hand to show me and we will switch with another student.