POL 454 IRAQ: From autocracy to democracy. IRAQ: From Autocracy to Democracy I. EARLY IRAQ II. THE BAATH ERA III. DEMOCRACY FROM ABOVE Terms to Know Saddam.

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POL 454 IRAQ: From autocracy to democracy

IRAQ: From Autocracy to Democracy I. EARLY IRAQ II. THE BAATH ERA III. DEMOCRACY FROM ABOVE Terms to Know Saddam HusseinFaisal I Coalition Provisional Authority (CPA) Kurdistan Regional Government (KRG) Nuri al-MalikiFaisal II KDPPUK De-BaathificationJalal Talabani

“There is…no Iraqi people but unimaginable masses of human beings, devoid of any patriotic idea, imbued with religious traditions & absurdities, connected by no common tie, giving ear to evil, prone to anarchy, and perpetually ready to rise against any government.”

I. EARLY IRAQ 1920 Mandate & Revolt 1921 King Faisal I, Constitutional Republic 1932 Independence Ghazi 1939 Faisal II (age 4) 1941 British occupy Republic

II. THE BA’ATH ERA 1958: Qasim & Arif oust Faisal Qasim jails Arif 1963: Baathists oust Qasim Arif takes power in bloodless coup 1968: Baathists oust Arif’s brother Revolutionary Command Council (RCC) Pres. & RCC Chair Ahmad Hasan al-Bakr RCC Vice-chair & VP Saddam Hussein

The Saddam Era Personal Rule eclipses Party Secular, socialist, nationalist Arabism Vs. Persians & Kurds Islam & anti-zionism Vs. Gulf War coalition Women’s rights erode

III. DEMOCRACY FROM ABOVE Coalition Provisional Authority +DeBaathification June ‘04 Sovereignty 1/30/05 Transitional National Assembly +Constitution adopted 10/05 12/15/05 Elections

Iraqi Government: quasi-consociationalism Prime Minister Nuri al-Maliki President Jalal Talabani Kurdish Regional Governmen t Speaker Sunni Hajim al-Hassani

Iraqi Society SUNNI Former Baathists Saddam loyalists Al Qaeda Sons of Iraq SHI’A Sadr & Badr Brigades KURDS KDP & PUK Ansar al-Islam PKK run.html

2010 ELECTIONS National Alliance (State of Law + INA) PM Nouri Maliki Presidency: Kurds Iyad Allawi of al-Iraqiyya heads Council for National Strategy al-Iraqiyya’s Osama Nujaifi to be Speaker. hopes-even-as-key-ministries-go-unfilled