ICT, WARFARE AND PEACE; FOOD FOR THOUGHT Brian Naudé

© CSIR Scope Information and technology Information warfare defined Comprehension of information warfare Considerations ICT uses (War and Peace) Challenges

© CSIR Information and technology ± 500 BC± 1450± 2000

© CSIR Information warfare defined “If there were a single, obvious definition of information warfare, someone would have already written it down” “The integrated employment of the core capabilities of electronic warfare, computer network operations, psychological operations, military deception, and operations security, in concert with specified supporting and related capabilities, to influence, disrupt, corrupt or usurp adversarial human and automated decision making while protecting our own” No consensus definition apparent

© CSIR Comprehension of information warfare Information Domain  A-priori knowledge  Information systems  Information  data Physical Domain Cognitive Domain Situation:  Awareness  Understanding  Assessment  Decision making Information & data Individual world view & capabilities Human Perception Alberts et al

© CSIR Considerations Information Generated at a gargantuan rate Multitude of sources No control Technology Vast worldwide communications networks Virtual information space Technology fusion Organisation Many forms and control schemes Cultural base Integration levels ICT influence of structure

© CSIR ICT uses Mass distribution of information to a local or foreign audience Economic disruption of public institutions Executing legal information transactions Construction or disruption of military command and control, administrative and logistic systems Vulnerability of ICT systems

© CSIR Challenges Volume and Availability of Information Limited influence on communities with ICT New ways use information Organisation and Technology Fusion Organisation structure fusion lags that of ICT Economic benefits Leap frog opportunity for developing countries