Week 9

8 th 2-5 Beginnings of slavery in the Americas European diseases would have a devastating effect on the Native Americans because they had no immunities against them. Plantations were a key part of colonial economics and Europeans wanted a cheap labor force to work the plantations for them. Slaves from West Africa were brought over to the Americas to be used as slave labor because they had immunities to European diseases unlike the Native Americans.

The slave trade In 1510 the Spanish government legalized the slave trade in the colonies over the next century more than 1 million enslaved Africans were brought to Spanish and Portuguese colonies.

Middle passage Most enslaved people were captured in the interior of Africa by other Africans who would then sell them to Europeans for a profit. Europeans would then transport the slaves to North or South America via the middle passage one out of every six Africans would die during the journey.

African Diaspora Between the 1520s and 1860s 12 million Africans would be shipped across the Atlantic only 10 million out of the 12 million would survive the journey. More than 600,000 of the slaves would end up in the British North American colonies. in the colonies slaves were considered to be property and not people.

Slave culture in the Americas Slaves in the Americas came from many different parts of Africa and spoke different languages and had different cultures but they built upon what they had in common to make a new African- American culture. Families were a vital part of slave culture but they were often times broken apart when family members were sold. African-American religion was a mixture of both Christian and African religions. Spirituals, songs, folktales, and dance were all important parts of African-American religion.

7 th 7-2 Islamic beliefs and practices The central teaching in the Quran is that there is only one god and that Muhammad is his prophet. Islam teaches that the world has a definite beginning and will end one day and that those who have obeyed the teachings of Muhammad will be granted life in Paradise and those who have not will suffer.

Guidelines of behavior Some explicit guidelines in the Quran are that Muslims must wash themselves before praying and they are not allowed to eat pork or drink alcohol. An implicit guideline in the Quran is that slavery should be abolished.

The sunnah The Quran is not the only source for the teachings of Islam.

Sources of Islamic beliefs Quran- Holy book that includes all the messages Muhammad received from god Sunnah- Muhammad's example for the duties and the way of life of Muslims. Shariah- Islamic law based on the interpretations of the Quran and sunnah.

6 th 3-4 Natural resources People need to manage natural resources because even renewable resources can be depleted if we use them faster than they are renewed. We use some natural resources just as they are and others we change to make something new. Most natural resources are raw materials for other products

Nonrenewable energy The most important fossil fuels are coal, petroleum, and natural gas Coal is primarily used to create electricity. Petroleum can be refined and turned into oil to power vehicles or can be processed to make products such as plastics and cosmetics. Both coal and oil can pollute the air and land. The cleanest fossil fuel is natural gas and it is used mainly for heating and cooking.

Renewable energy resources Renewable resources are generally better for the environment than nonrenewable resources. The main alternative to fossil fuels is hydroelectric power Hydroelectric power is good in that it creates energy without pollution hydroelectric power is bad in that it creates lakes that replace existing resources and disrupt wildlife habitats. Other renewable energy source are wind and solar power

Nuclear energy Nuclear energy is created by splitting atoms nuclear power is considered to be nonrenewable because it uses uranium Nuclear power does not pollute the air but it does produce dangerous waste

Mineral resources Mineral resources include metals, salt, rocks, and gemstones. Minerals are nonrenewable so we need to conserve them by recycling.

Resources and daily life The natural resources available to people affect their lifestyle and needs The availability of resources affects countries economics Some countries have one or two valuable resources but few others so they trade the resources they do have for the resources they don't.