EUROPE IN THE WORLD From evidences to visions Results of ESPON Project Pierre BECKOUCHE (University Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne) Clarisse DIDELON (University of Le Havre) Claude GRASLAND (University of Paris 7 Diderot)

INTRODUCTION Schuman's declaration and the World

Once upon a time, the 9 may 1950,...

Evidence 1 : DIFFERENT LIMITS OF EUROPE CAN BE PROPOSED. Eurasia, Euro-Mediterranea, Euro-Africa ?

Evidence 2 : WHOLE BETTER THAN PARTS What is the size of EU as compared to other world regions ?

EU27 = 12% of the world in 1999

Evidence 3 : EUROPEAN UNION IS A SHRINKING WORLD REGION What will be the size of EU in the future ?

Share of World population by state ( )

EU share of world-wide population 6 %

Share of World GDP pps by state ( )

EU share of world-wide GDP pps 20%

Evidence 4 : GROWING AREAS ARE IN THE NEIGHBOURHOOD What are the consequences for EU, Japan or USA ?

Trends of human development in EU Neighbourhood ( )

Evidence 5 : EU IS STILL A MAJOR ECONOMIC PLAYER What is the geography of the commercial influence of EU ?

Evidence 6 : EU IS WELL CONNECTED TO THE “GLOBAL CITY” What are the gateway cities of EU ?

Evidence 7 : EU IS ATTRACTIVE FOR MIGRANT BUT NOT NECESSARY WITH EXPECTED QUALIFICATION Does migration fit with EU market needs ?

Evidence 8 : EU IS THE FIRST DONOR OF AID TO DEVELOPING COUNTRIES Does EU and member states share a common strategy toward developing countries ?

Evidence 9 : EU INFLUENCE IN THE WORLD IS IMPORTANT BUT UNEVEN. Is it possible to propose a synthetic delimitation of EU influence area ?

The measure of EU gobal influence … Global influence (34 % of information)

… balanced by two other dimensions Colonial dimension (24 % of information) Cultural dimension (12 % of information)

Evidence 10 : EU BORDERS ARE OF HIGH SIGNIFICANCE IN THE MINDS. What are the mental maps of Europe for EU citizens, researchers and policy makers ?

Question 1 : What is your delimitation of Europe ?

Question 2 : Divide the World in Regions

Turkey Russia Northern Africa Greenland

CONCLUSION Which vision of European Union in the World ?

At less four possible visions

Workshop 1 THE “CONTINENT” VISION: towards a protected and closed European territory

Workshop 2 THE “CENTRE-PERIPHERY” VISION: towards a dissymmetrical EU / neighbourhood pattern

Workshop 3 THE “ARCHIPELAGO” VISION: toward rising territorial polarisation

Workshop 1, 2, 3 THE “REGIONAL ” VISION: an attempt of pro-active scenario

The missing sentence of 9 may 1950 declaration... (FRA) « L'Europe pourra, avec des moyens accrus, poursuivre la réalisation de l'une de ses tâches essentielles : le développement du continent africain. » (FRA) « L'Europe pourra, avec des moyens accrus, poursuivre la réalisation de l'une de ses tâches essentielles : le développement du continent africain. » (DEU) « Europa wird dann mit vermehrten Mitteln die Verwirklichung einer seiner wesentlichsten Aufgaben verfolgen können: die Entwicklung des afrikanischen Erdteils. » (DEU) « Europa wird dann mit vermehrten Mitteln die Verwirklichung einer seiner wesentlichsten Aufgaben verfolgen können: die Entwicklung des afrikanischen Erdteils. » (EN) « With increased resources Europe will be able to pursue the achievement of one of its essential tasks, namely, the development of the African continent.» (EN) « With increased resources Europe will be able to pursue the achievement of one of its essential tasks, namely, the development of the African continent.» (SPA) « Europa podrá, con mayores medios, proseguir la realización de una de sus tareas esenciales : el desarrollo del continente africano. » (SPA) « Europa podrá, con mayores medios, proseguir la realización de una de sus tareas esenciales : el desarrollo del continente africano. » (ROM) Europa va putea, cu mult mai multe mijloace, sa treaca la realizarea unuia dintre obiectivele sale esentiale: dezvoltarea continentului african. (ROM) Europa va putea, cu mult mai multe mijloace, sa treaca la realizarea unuia dintre obiectivele sale esentiale: dezvoltarea continentului african. (BUL) С увеличаване на ресурсите си Европа ще може да постигне успех и в една от основните си задачи - развитието на африканския континент. (BUL) С увеличаване на ресурсите си Европа ще може да постигне успех и в една от основните си задачи - развитието на африканския континент.