Law 3386/2005: Foreigner: a person who does not hold the Greek Nationality or has no nationality. Third Country National: a person who has neither the Greek Nationality nor the Nationality of any EU member state. (according to Article 17, paragraph 1 of EC Treaty)

Year Total Population Greeks Third Country Nationals EU24 Nationals3.599 Illegal Migrants estimation Source: Hellenic Migration Policy Institute, Estimate of Illegal immigrant population in Greece, Athens, April 2008 Almost half of Greece’s Immigrants live in the Metropolis of Athens

Residence Permit Holders in Greece in Source: Hellenic Migration Policy Institute

 Geographical proximity with the neighboring countries in the north  First entrance to Europe from the East It’s located at the South-East corner of Europe  It’s a peninsula surrounded by the sea, with complex mountainous frontiers in the North, almost impossible to be guarded  It has tens of islands extending close to the Turkish coasts Source: IOSIFIDES, T. and KING, R. (1999), “Socio-Spatial Dynamics and Exclusion of Three Immigrant Groups in the Athens Conurbation”

There is a sectoral breakdown of foreign workers: AlbaniansConstruction/ Agriculture Africans and ArabsPetty Trading Eastern European & Balkanian Households AsiansTechnicians

 Illegality  Poverty  Discrimination  Ghettos  Criminality  Drug use  Health Issues  Trafficking for labour and sexual exploitation  Prostitution

Integration is impeded by discrimination against immigrants in the following fields: Cultural exclusion by non being accepted by the society since the society is afraid of the “different”, the “unknown”… The society feels threatened from the difference in model of life, history, religious, etc Educational exclusion since the educational system is made by and for the Greeks Labour Market exclusion since the jobs they do are lower paid, illegal and not insured

Sexism since migrant women are not only migrants but also women and they are oppressed both by men of the dominant group as also from men of their country Communicative exclusion since their Greek language knowledge is limited Social exclusion that arise feelings like insecurity, isolation, stigmatisation, marginalisation, identity crisis, low self- confidence

Actions towards Integration:  Social Policy  Educational Programs  Athens International Radio

Social Policy Information and advice City of Athens Shelter For Abused Women Meal provision programme for the homeless Municipal health clinics Events held in cooperation with state and non- governmental organisations, migrant communities and embassies. Source:

Educational Programs Greek-language learning programmes o Adult migrants Basic computer skills programmes o Women (unemployed, single parents, etc) o Long-term unemployed o Migrants, refugees and asylum seekers Source:

Athens International Radio …broadcasts 24 hours a day. It has opened a channel of communication, informing and entertaining migrant residents, migrant communities and visitors to the city in their native tongue. …broadcasts news in English, French, German, Albanian and Russian …broadcast news through collaboration with the BBC, French radio RFI and German radio Deutsche Welle Source:

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