Warm Up: Key Terms Reason (p. 144) Logic (p. 144) Homer (p. 144) Herodotus (p. 145) Hellenistic (p. 153)

Kick Off September 13, 2013 Notebook page 25 Although Athens was considered a democracy in ancient times, it had featured that a citizen of the United States today would consider undemocratic. Explain two features of the Athenian government that would be considered undemocratic today and two features that would be considered democratic today.

Chapter 5.2 Greek Culture and Hellenism

Objectives: Day 14, 9/13/13 Understand the major achievements in philosophy, literature, art, and architecture of the Classical Age of ancient Greece Understand the achievements and legacy of Alexander the Great

Greek Achievements Philosophy: Socrates and Plato Mythology: Homer’s Odyssey

Greek Philosophy Philosophia – “the love of wisdom” Reached its height in Athens in the 400s and 300s BC

Socrates, c. 470 – 399 BC Sought truths about broad concepts such as truth, justice, and virtue Ask questions Philosophers can study human behavior to learn how to improve society as a whole

Plato, c. 428 – 348 BC Thought philosophers were best suited to govern other people ▫The Republic Believed that every material object in the world was only the reflection of a perfect ideal. ▫Example: All the trees growing in Greece were only reflections of a single ideal tree that did not actually exist

Aristotle, 384 – 322 BC Reason and logic Believed that the greatest good people could perform was the practice of rational thought Contributed to the development of science, especially biology

Historical Heads With your partner, draw the head of a Greek philosopher. Fill it with words and symbols that the philosopher would be thinking about. Textbook pages

Rise of Alexander After Peloponnesian War, Macedonia comes to power ▫Greeks considered them uncivilized Phillip II ▫Reorganized army using Greek tactics (phalanx) ▫Set out to conquer Greece, few took him seriously ▫Assassinated in 336 B.C.E. Alexander the Great ▫Came to power after father’s death ▫Studied under Aristotle

Alexander’s Conquests 20 years old when he came to power Faced revolts in Greece ▫Crushed rebellions Built massive empire including Persia, Egypt, and parts of India ▫Largest world had ever seen 323 B.C.E. he became ill in Babylon and died (33 years old)

The Hellenistic World Alexander’s empire blended Greek and Persian cultures ▫Became known as Hellenism (Greek-like) ▫He married a Persian princess and encouraged his soldiers to do the same City-state no longer main political unit ▫Replaced by the kingdom  Monarchy Women made gains in education and rights, but still not considered equals

Hellenistic Achievements Philosophy of Cynicism ▫Rejected pleasure, wealth, social responsibility ▫Believed humans should life according to nature Euclid ▫Laid foundation of geometry Archimedes ▫Created many devices to make life easier (pulley, screw) Library at Alexandria ▫Greatest city in Hellenistic world ▫Library contained vast amounts of knowledge

Ticket out the Door Who was Alexander the Great? Create a list of his accomplishments.

Greek Literature: The Odyssey Page 133 Answer Skills Focus questions 1 and 2 in your notebook.