Chapter 7- Middle Childhood Body and Mind

Agenda Welcome Submit homework- reactions? Middle childhood Body changes Health Concerns Physical Activity

Body Changes Early ChildhoodMiddle Childhood Each year adds: Body description:

Health A healthy time Be aware: Asthma Obesity BMI calculator: yweight/assessing/bmi/ yweight/assessing/bmi/ Weight Status for Adults: Below 18.5 Underweight 18.5 – 24.9 Normal 25.0 – 29.9 Overweight and Above Obese Physical Activity Importance Benefits Potential challenges

Middle childhood Characteristics of thinking Concrete operational Classification Transitive Inference Seriation The relevance of others Memory Metacognition

Theories About Cognition Information-processing theory  A perspective that compares human thinking processes, by analogy, to computer analysis of data, including sensory input, connections, stored memories, and output.  Selective  Automatization-  Reaction time-

Theories About Cognition Sensory memory- Also called the sensory register. Working memory- Also called short-term memory. Long-term memory- The component of the information processing system in which virtually limitless amounts of information can be stored indefinitely.

Theories About Cognition Metacognition- Metamemory-

Learning in School Learning Language By age 6 Some school-age children learn as many as 20 new words a day and apply grammar rules they did not use before. Language Codes

Learning in School The Reading Wars Phonics approach- Whole-language approach-

Learning in School The Math Wars Historically, math was taught by rote; children memorized number facts, such as the multiplication tables, and filled page after page of workbooks. In reaction against this approach, many educators, inspired especially by Piaget and Vygotsky, sought to make math instruction more active and engaging- less a matter of memorization than of discovery.

Measuring the Mind Aptitude- IQ test- Achievement test-

Measuring the Mind Developmental Psychopathology The field that uses insights into typical development to understand and remediate developmental disorders, and vice versa. Children with special needs-

Measuring the Mind

Several lessons from developmental psychopathology apply to everyone: 1. Abnormality is normal. 2. Disability changes year by year 3. Adulthood may be better or worse than childhood. Prognosis is difficult. 4. Diagnosis depends on the social context.

Measuring the Mind Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)- Comorbidity-

Measuring the Mind Learning disability- Dyslexia-

Measuring the Mind Autistic spectrum disorder- Autism- Asperger syndrome-

Measuring the Mind