Communism Spreads in East Asia

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18-3 Communism Spread In East Asia.
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Presentation transcript:

Communism Spreads in East Asia 30.3

China’s Communist Revolution Communist Revolution in 1949 Mao Zedong – communist forces Won  support from the poor peasants Set up “People’s Republic of China” 1950 – captured Tibet, Dalai Lama forced to flee (religious leader) Jiang Jieshi (Chaing Kai Shek) – nationalists Support from the West Lost  fled to the island of Taiwan

Changing Chinese Society One-party totalitarian state Discouraged religion – Buddhism, Confucianism Govt seized property of citizens (landowners and business owners) Political opponents beaten, sent to labor camps, or killed Financial support from Soviets Forced collectivization (pooling of peasant land and labor)

The Great Leap Forward Great Leap Forward (1958-1960): urged a huge effort to increase farm and industrial output Communes (several villages, thousands of acres, 25,000 people)  industrial/agricultural efficiency Epic Fail! Cut food output…no incentives for individuals…neglect of farmland and food shortages Terrible famine 55 million Chinese starved to death

Cultural Revolution Cultural Revolution (1966) – purge China of “bourgeois” tendencies (propertied middle class) Urged young to experience revolution “little red book” – quotes from Chairman Mao Red Guards attacked bourgeois Beaten, killed Skilled workers and managers forced to leave jobs and do manual labor on farms or labor camps Schools and factories closed

Playing the “China Card” Relations between the S.U. and China were tense U.S. used this tension to drive wedge between the 2 communist govt’s 1972 – Nixon visited Mao in China 1979 – US set up diplomatic relations w/ China

Korean War N. Korea – Communist (backed by SU) S. Korea – Democratic (backed by US) Before WW2, NK controlled by Japan After WW2, US and SU agreed to divide at 38th parallel Both N and S wanted to rule entire country June 1950 – NK attacked US organized UN force to help SK Pushed back NK all the way to the border w/ China China worried…sent troops to help NK…forced SK back across 38th parallel Stalemate – 1953 both signed armistice (agreement to end fighting) Troops still stationed on either side of DMZ (demilitarized zone)